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Kaca anyar: {{Table Mobile phone standards}} '''Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution''' ('''EDGE''') atawa '''Enhanced GPRS''' ('''EGPRS'''), ngarupakeun salasahiji téknologi [[telepon sélul...
 
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{{Table Mobile phone standards}}
'''Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution''' ('''EDGE''') atawa '''Enhanced [[GPRS]]''' ('''EGPRS'''), ngarupakeun salasahiji téknologi [[telepon sélulér]] digital anu ngamungkinkeun laju pangiriman data anu leuwih gancang kalayan tingkat kapercayaan (réliabilitas) pangiriman data anu leuwih bisa diandelkeun. Sanajan sacara téknis ngarupakeun [[3G]], EDGE umumna sacara teu resmi digolongkeun salaku standar 2.75G, lantaran laju datana anu leuwih laun. EDGE geus mitembeyen dipaké dina jaringan [[GSM]] di sakuliah dunya mimiti taun 2003, awalna di [[Amérika Kalér]].
 
EDGE bisa dipaké pikeun panerapan (aplikasi) [[packet switching|packet switched]] saperti sambungan [[Internét]]. Aplikasi data dina laju nu gancang saperti layanan vidéo jeung multimédia lianna bisa boga kapasitas data anu leuwih gedé ku jasana EGPRS. EDGE ''Circuit Switched'' ngarupakeun hiji objék anu bisa dimekarkeun dina waktu ka hareup.
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==Téknologi==
{{tarjamahkeun|Inggris}}
EDGE/EGPRS is implemented as a [[bolt-on enhancement]] [[2G]] and [[2.5G]] [[Global System for Mobile Communications|GSM]] and [[General Packet Radio Service|GPRS]] networks, making it easier for existing GSM carriers to upgrade to it. EDGE/EGPRS is a superset to GPRS and can function on any network with GPRS deployed on it, provided the carrier implements the necessary upgrade.
 
EDGE/EGPRS bisa jalan dina jaringan naon waé anu geus dipasangan GPRS asal ''operator'' ngaronjatkeun kamampuh jaringanana saperluna.
Although EDGE requires no hardware or software changes to be made in [[Global System for Mobile Communications|GSM]] core networks, base stations must be modified. EDGE compatible transceiver units must be installed and the base station subsystem (BSS) needs to be upgraded to support EDGE. New mobile terminal hardware and software is also required to decode/encode the new modulation and coding schemes and carry the higher user data rates to implement new services.
 
Sanajan EDGE henteu merlukeun robahna ''hardware'' jeung ''software'' dina jaringan inti [[GSM]], ''base station''na kudu dirobah. Dina ''base station'' kudu dipasangan unit ''[[transceiver]]'' anu luyu (kompatibel) jeung EDGE sarta ''base station subsystem'' (BSS) perlu ditingkatkeun kamampuhna supaya bisa narima EDGE. ''Hardware'' jeung ''software'' [[terminal]] ogé kudu nimukeun kodeu jeung ngodeukuen (decode/encode) pola [[modulasi]] jeung pangkodeuan (modulation and coding schemes) anyar sarta bisa mawa data kalayan laju anu leuwih gancang.
 
===TransmissionTéknik techniquestransmisi===
Insajaba additionmaké tocara modulasi [[Gaussian minimum-shift keying]] ([[GMSK]]), EDGE usesogé ngagunakeun [[phase shift keying#Higher-order PSK/8 phase shift keying|higher-order PSK/8 phase shift keying]] (8PSK) forpikeun thelima uppernu fivedi ofluhur itstina ninesalapan modulationpola and[[modulasi]] codingjeung schemespangkodeuanana. EDGE producesngahasilkeun akecap 3-bit wordpikeun fortiap everyparobahan changedina in''[[fase]]'' carriergelombang phasepamawana. ThisHal effectivelyieu triplessacara theéféktif grossningkatkeun laju data ratetilu kali leuwih gancang manan anu offeredditawarkeun byku GSM. EDGE, likesaperti [[GPRS]], usesmaké aalgoritma rateadaptasi adaptationlaju algorithmanu thatngaluyukeun adaptspola themodulasi jeung pangkodeuan (modulation and coding scheme (- MCS) accordingnurutkeun tokualitas the''channel'' quality of the radio channelradiona, andsarta thusogé thelaju bit ratejeung andkatahanan robustness oftransmisi data transmissiontina gangguan. EDGE Itmaké introducestéknologi aanyar newanu technologyteu notkapanggih found indina GPRS, nyaéta [[Hybrid ARQ|Incremental Redundancy]], which,anu insteadhenteu ofngirimkeun retransmittingdeui disturbedpakét packets,anu sendskaganggu moretapi redundancyngirim informationleuwih toloba beinformasi combinedanu inbakal thedicampurkeun dina ''[[receiver.]]'' This(alat increasespanarima the[[sinyal]]). probabilityHal ofieu correctngaronjatkeun probabilitas ''decoding'' (nimukeun deui kode asal) anu bener.
 
EDGE canbisa carrymawa data speedskalayan uplaju tonepi ka 236.8 kbit/sdet forpikeun 4 [[timeslot]]s (theoreticalsacara maximumtéori ismaksimum 473.6 kbit/sdet forpikeun 8 timeslotstimeslot) in packetdina mode andpakét willsahingga thereforebaris meetnyumponan thesarat [[International Telecommunications Union]]'s requirement([[ITU]] forpikeun ajaringan [[3G]] network, andsarta hasgeus beenditarima accepted by theku [[ITU]] assalaku bagian parttina ofkulawarga thestandar [[IMT-2000]] family of [[3G]] standards. ItEDGE alsonambahkeun enhancesmode thedata circuitsirkuit dataanu mode calledkatelah [[HSCSD]], increasinganu thebisa dataningkatkeun ratelaju of this servicedata.
 
=== Pola modulasi jeung pangkodeuan (Modulation and Coding Scheme - MSC) EGPRS ===
=== EGPRS modulation and coding scheme (MCS)===
 
:{| class="wikitable" align=center
! &nbsp;Coding and modulation&nbsp;<br />scheme (MCS)
! &nbsp;SpeedLaju&nbsp;<br />(kbit/sdet/slot)
! &nbsp;[[ModulationModulasi]]&nbsp;
|- align=center
| MCS-1
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|}
 
===ClassificationKlasifikasi===
EDGE bisa digolongkeun kana [[2G]] atawa [[3G]] gumantung kana panerapanana. Sanajan alat-alat EDGE kelas 3 jeung nu sahandapeunana jelas lain 3G, tapi alat-alat kelas 4 jeung saluhureunana jalan dina rubakpita anu leuwih panjang manan téknologi lianna anu sacara konvénsional dianggap 2G saperti 1xRTT). Lantaran loba macemna, EDGE ilaharna digolongkeun kana téknologi jaringan 2.75G.
Whether EDGE is 2G or 3G depends on implementation. While Class 3 and below EDGE devices clearly are not 3G, class 4 and above devices perform at a higher bandwidth than other technologies conventionally considered as 2G as 1xRTT). Because of the variability, EDGE is generally classified as 2.75G network technology.
 
===EDGEÉvolusi EvolutionEDGE===
Évolusi EDGE hasil ngahadéan téknologina. ''[[Latency]]'' bisa dikurangan ku cara nurunkeun selang waktu ''transmisi'' nepi ka satengahna (ti 20 mdet jadi 10 mdet). Laju bit bisa ditingkatkeun nepi ka laju puncak 1 MBit/s sarta ''letency'' turun jadi 100 mdet ku cara ngagunakeun dua gelombang pamawa, laju simbol nu leuwih gancang sarta modulasi orde nu leuwih luhur (32QAM jeung 16QAM lain 8-PSK), sarta [[turbo code]] pikeun ngahadéan ''error correction''. Kualitas sinyal ogé dihadéan ku cara ngagunakeun dua anteneu.
EDGE Evolution improves on EDGE in a number of ways. Latencies are reduced by lowering the Transmission Time Interval by half (from 20 ms to 10 ms). Bit rates are increased up to 1 MBit/s peak speed and latencies down to 100 ms using dual carriers, higher symbol rate and higher-order modulation (32QAM and 16QAM instead of 8-PSK), and [[turbo code]]s to improve error correction. And finally signal quality is improved using dual antennas. An EDGE Evolution terminal or network can support some of these improvements, or roll them out in stages.
 
==NetworksJaringan==
 
EDGE isdirojong activelyku supportedpara byoperator GSM operatorsdi in[[Amérika North AmericaKalér]]. SomeSabagian operator GSM operatorsdi elsewherepatempatan viewedlianna nganggap [[UMTS]] assalaku thepuncakna ultimatekamajuan upgradesarta pathmilih andjalan eitherhenteu planned to skipmaké EDGE altogethersamasakali oratawa usemaké itEDGE outsidengan thedi UMTSluar coveragewilayah area.anu However,kawengku theku highUMTS. costSanajan kitu, andmahal slowjeung uptakekendorna ofpamasangan UMTS havegeus resultedngakibatkeun inréa fairlynu common support formeuli EDGE indi the globalpasar GSM/GPRS market.
 
Daptar pausahaan di handap ieu ngagunakeun jaringan EDGE dina ngajalankeun jaringan sélulérna:
The following companies have EDGE networks in operation:
 
{| class="wikitable sortable"
| '''Operator''' || '''CountryNagara''
|-
|[[Alltel]] || [[UnitedAmérika StatesSarikat]]
|-
|[[AT&T Mobility]] || [[UnitedAmérika StatesSarikat]]
|-
|[[Centennial Wireless]] || [[UnitedAmérika StatesSarikat]]
|-
|[[Chinook Wireless]] || [[UnitedAmérika StatesSarikat]]
|-
|[[Cincinnati Bell]] || [[UnitedAmérika StatesSarikat]]
|-
|[[Corr Wireless]] || [[UnitedAmérika StatesSarikat]]
|-
|[[Edge Wireless]] || [[UnitedAmérika StatesSarikat]]
|-
|[[Mid-Tex Cellular]] || [[UnitedAmérika StatesSarikat]]
|-
|[[Petrocom]] || [[UnitedAmérika StatesSarikat]]
|-
|[[i wireless]] || [[UnitedAmérika StatesSarikat]]
|-
|[[PSC Wireless]] || [[UnitedAmérika StatesSarikat]]
|-
|[[Suncom]] || [[UnitedAmérika StatesSarikat]]
|-
|[[T-Mobile (USA)|T-Mobile]] || [[UnitedAmérika StatesSarikat]]
|-
|[[Unicel]] || [[UnitedAmérika StatesSarikat]]
|-
|[[Viaero]] || [[UnitedAmérika StatesSarikat]]
|-
|[[Westlink]] || [[UnitedAmérika StatesSarikat]]
|-
|[[XIT Communications]] || [[UnitedAmérika StatesSarikat]]
|-
|[[Ancel Uruguay]] (nationwidengawengku nasional) || [[Uruguay]]
|-
|[[Movistar Uruguay]] (almostampir nationwidengawengkunasional) || [[Uruguay]]
|-
|[[Orange SA|Orange]] || [[DominicanRépublik RepublicDominika]]
|-
|[[Rogers Communications|Rogers]] || [[CanadaKanada]]
|-
|[[Fido Solutions|Fido]] || [[CanadaKanada]]
|-
|[[Telcel]] || [[MexicoMéksiko]]
|-
|[[movistar]] || [[MexicoMéksiko]]
|-
|[[Telecom Italia Mobile|TIM]] || [[Brazil]]
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|[[Claro (mobile phone network)|Claro]] || [[Brazil]]
|-
|[[Telemig Celular]] || [[Brazil]] (thenagara state ofbagian [[Minas Gerais]])
|-
|[[Tigo]] || [[Guatemala]]
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|[[Claro]] || [[Honduras]]
|-
|[[Digicel Jamaica]] || [[JamaicaJamaika]]
|-
|[[Tigo]] || [[Paraguay]]
|-
|[[Tigo]] || [[ColombiaKolombia]]
|-
|[[Comcel]] || [[ColombiaKolombia]]
|-
|-[[Movistar]] || [[ColombiaKolombia]]
|-
|[[VOX]] || [[Paraguay]]
|-
|[[Telecommunications Services of Trinidad and Tobago]] || [[Trinidad andjeung Tobago]]
|-
|[[EntelPCS]] || [[ChileCili]]
|-
|[[Digitel]] || [[VenezuelaVénézuéla]]
|-
|[[movistar]] || [[VenezuelaVénézuéla]]
|-
|[[CTI Argentina]] (almostampir nationwidengawengku nasional) || [[ArgentinaArgéntina]]
|}
 
===EuropeÉropah andjeung CIS===
 
Operator di réa nagara:
Multi-country operators:
* [[Orange SA|Orange]] hasboga EDGEjaringan networksEDGE indi [[BelgiumBélgia]], [[FrancePerancis]], [[PolandPolandia]], [[RomaniaRumania]], [[Slovakia]], [[United Kingdom|UKInggris]], [[Moldova]] (seetempo [[Orange Moldova]]) andjeung [[SwitzerlandSwiss]].
* [[T-Mobile]]
* [[Telefónica O2|O2]] (launchednawarkeun foriPhone UK iPhonepikeun releaseInggris datedina oftanggal November9 9thNopémber)
Operator di sahiji nagara:
Single country operators:
* [[Austria]]: [[Mobilkom Austria]] providesnyadiakeun anjaringan EDGE network [http://press.nokia.com/PR/200504/991043_5.html]
* [[ArmeniaArménia]]: [[VivaCell]] providesnyadiakeun fulljaringan EDGE networksagemblengna. [http://www.vivacell.am]
* [[Azerbaijan]]: [[Azercell]] hasboga jaringan EDGE network indi Baku, theibukota capitalnagara. [[Bakcell]] hasboga EDGEjaringan networkEDGE indi Baku andjeung somesabgian otherkota majorgedé citieslianna.
* [[BelarusBélarusia]]: [[Velcom]] iskeur constructingngawangun jaringan EDGE network and hassarta partlysabagian openedgeus itjalan [http://www.e-belarus.org/news/200512301.html]
* [[BelgiumBelgia]]: [[BASE (mobile)|BASE]] (almostampir nationwidengawengku nagara)
* [[Bulgaria]]: [[Mobiltel]] hasboga wewengkon EDGE coverage in the South part anddi willbeulah graduallykidul expandsarta itbaris insaeutik-saeutik thediwangun Northdi partbeulah ofkalér thenagara countrydina intaun 2007.
* [[CroatiaKroasia]]: [[VIPnet]] hasboga fulljaringan EDGE coveragenu ngawengku nagara sagemblengna [http://vmc.vipnet.hr]
* [[CzechRépublik RepublicCzechen]]: [[Vodafone]] hasboga largewewengkon EDGE coverage,nu includinglega, allkaasup thekabeh mainkota citiesutamana, [[O2|O<sub>2</sub>]] CzechRepublik RepublicCzechen usesmake EDGE atdina new''base cellsstation'' anyar. [[T-Mobile]] usesngagunakeun EDGE indi main citieskota-kota andgedé surroundingjeung areassabudeureunana.
* [[Denmark]]: Telia hasboga jaringan EDGE coverageanu inngawengku 98.7% of thewilayah countrynagara
* [[FinlandFinlandia]]: [[TeliaSonera]] andjeung [[Elisa Oyj]] haveboga largewewengkon EDGE coveragenu includinglega allkaasup thekabéh mainkota citiesgedéna; alsoogé [[Dna Finland]] is constructingkeur angawangun largejaringan EDGE/UMTS networknu andgedé hassarta partlysabagian openedgeus itjalan.
{{tarjamahkeun|Inggris}}
* [[France]]: [[Bouygues Télécom (company)|Bouygues Télécom]] has now an EDGE Network that covers 95% of the population; it is the largest EDGE implementation in [[France]] [http://option.com/news/detail.cfm?newsitemgroup_id=239]
* [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]: [[Vimpelcom|Beeline]] (communications) has full EDGE MSC9 network [http://www.beeline.ge], [[Geocell]] has EDGE networks [http://www.geocell.com.ge]
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===Australasia===
* [[Australia]]: [[Telstra]] hasboga nationwidejaringan EDGE coveragesacara nasional (approximatelykira-kira 96% oftina jumlah warga populationnagara).
* [[New Zealand]]: Nationwide EDGE coverage across main metropolitan areas on Vodafone NZ's mobilize network, for corporate and industrial use only. New Zealand's public use only available via Australia's Telstra network.
* [[Samoa]]: Digicel Pacific (''previouslysaacanna katelah Telecom NZ'') ismasih stilldina undertahapan initiationngamimitian.
* [[Fiji]]: Vodafone (Fiji) andjeung [[Digicel|Digicel Pacific]] hasteu noboga EDGElayanan serviceEDGE.
 
==SeeTempo alsoogé==
* [[UMTS]]
* [[WiFi]]
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* [[List of device bandwidths]]
 
==ReferencesRujukan==
{{reflist}}
 
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* [http://teledict.blogspot.com/2007/10/enhanced-data-rates-for-global.html Teledict:EDGE]
 
[[CategoryKategori:Standar GSM]]
 
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