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Sweat is not pure water; it always contains a small amount (0.2 - 1%) of solute . When a person moves from a cold climate to a hot climate, adaptive changes occur in their sweating mechanism. These are referred to as acclimatisation: the maximum rate of sweating increases and its solute composition decreases. The daily water loss in sweat is very variable: from 100 to 8,000 mls/day. The solute loss can be as much as 350 mmols/day (or 90 mmols/day acclimatised) of sodium under the most extreme conditions. In a cool climate & in the absence of exercise, sodium loss can be very low (less than 5 mmols/day). [Na+] in sweat is 30-65 mmol/l depending on degree of acclimatisation.
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== Kandungan ==
Kandungan utama késang taya lian ti cai salaku pangleyur, nu eusina [[mineral]], [[laktat]], jeung [[uréa]]. Kandungan mineral gumantung kana aklimatisasi panas, sumber setrés (olahraga, sauna, jsb.), lilana, jeung kandungan mineral dina awak nu unggal jalma béda-béda. Indikasi kandungan mineralna nyaéta [[natrium]] 0,9 g/l, [[kalium]] 0,2 g/l, [[kalsium]] 0,015 g/l, jeung [[magnésium]] 0,0013 g/l<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18156662 Sweat mineral-element responses during 7 h of exer...[Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2007&#93; - PubMed Result]</ref>. Lian ti éta, aya ogé unsur-unsur renik, di antarana [[séng]] (0,4 mg/l), [[tambaga]] (0,3 - 0,8 mg/l), [[beusi]] (1 mg/l), [[kromium]] (0,1 mg/l), [[nikel]] (0,05 mg/l), jeung [[timbal]] (0,05 mg/l)<ref>Cohn JR, Emmett EA, The excretion of trace metals in human sweat., Ann Clin Lab Sci. 1978 Jul-Aug;8(4):270-5., http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/686643 </ref> <ref>Saraymen et al., Sweat Copper, Zinc, Iron, Magnesium and Chomium levels in national westler. 1973</ref>. Dina awak manusa, késang téh hiposmotik rélatif ka plasma <ref>BRS Physiology 4th edition, Linda S. Constanzo, hal. 155</ref>.
 
==Composition==
Sweat contains mainly water. It also contains minerals, as well as lactate and urea. Mineral composition will vary with the individual, the acclimatisation to heat, exercise and sweating, the particular stress source (exercise, sauna, etc.), the duration of sweating, and the composition of minerals in the body. An indication of the minerals content is is: sodium 0.9 gram/liter, potassium 0.2 gram/liter, calcium 0.015 gram/liter, magnesium 0.0013 gram/liter<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18156662 Sweat mineral-element responses during 7 h of exer...[Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2007&#93; - PubMed Result]</ref>. Also many other trace elements are excreted in sweat, again an indication of their concentration is (although measurements can vary fifteenfold):
zinc (0.4 mg/l), copper (0.3 - 0.8 mg/l), iron (1 mg/l), chromium (0.1 mg/l), nickel (0.05 mg/l), lead (0.05 mg/l). <ref>Cohn JR, Emmett EA, The excretion of trace metals in human sweat., Ann Clin Lab Sci. 1978 Jul-Aug;8(4):270-5., http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/686643 </ref> <ref>Saraymen et al., Sweat Copper, Zinc, Iron, Magnesium and Chomium levels in national westler. 1973</ref>. Probably many other less abundant trace minerals will leave the body through sweating with correspondingly lower concentrations. In humans sweat is hyposmotic relatively to the plasma <ref> BRS Physiology 4th edition, Linda S. Constanzo, page155</ref>.
 
==See also==
* [[Diaphoresis]]
* [[Hyperhidrosis]]
* [[Anhidrosis]]
* [[Hyponatremia]]
* [[Hyperthermia]]
* [[Body odor]]
* [[Hidradenitis suppurativa]]
* [[Pheromones]]
* [[Sweat therapy]]
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== Rujukan ==
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