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== Surélék Internét Modern ==
Almost all e-mail is delivered directly to an Internet-connected host accepting mail for the recipient, using [[Simple Mail Transfer Protocol]]. Very few modern servers will perform routing for messages sent by third parties due to the potential for abuse by people sending [[unsolicited bulk e-mail]]. Those that do allow it are called [[Open mail relay|open
A modern Internet '''e-mail address''' is a string of the form ''jsmith@domain.example''. It should be read as "jsmith '''at''' domain dot example". The part before the @ sign is the '''local part''' of the address, often the [[username]] of the recipient, and the part after the @ sign is a [[domain name]] which can be looked up in the [[Domain Name System]] to find the [[mail exchange server]]s accepting e-mail for that address.
The format of Internet e-mail messages is defined in [[RFC 2822]].
Internet e-mail messages consist of two major components:
* Headers - Message summary, sender, receiver, and other information about the e-mail
* Body - The message itself, usually containing a [[signature block]] at the end
The headers usually have at least four fields:
# From - The e-mail address of the sender of the message
# To - The e-mail address of the receiver of the message
# Subject - A brief summary of the contents of the message
# Date - The local time and date when the message was originally sent
Note however that the "To" field does not necessarily have the e-mail address of the recipient. The information supplied in the headers on the recipients computer is similar to that found on top of a conventional letter. The actual information such as who the message was addressed to is removed by the mail server after it assigns it to the correct user's mailbox.
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Other common header fields include:
# Cc - [[Carbon copy]] (because [[typewriter]]s used [[carbon film]] to copy what was written on them)
# Bcc - Blind carbon copy (the recipient of this copy will know who was in the To: field, but the recipients cannot see who is on the Bcc: list)
# Received - Tracking information generated by mail servers that have previously handled a message
# Content-Type - Information about how the message has to be displayed, usually a [[MIME]] type
== Messages and mailboxes ==
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A number of [[stopping E-mail abuse|technology-based initiatives]] mitigate the impact of spam. [[United States Congress|Congress]] has also passed a law, the [[Can Spam Act of 2003]], to regulate such e-mail.
== Further reading ==
* Katie Hafner, Matthew Lyon, ''Where Wizards Stay Up Late: The Origins of the Internet'' (Simon and Schuster, 1996) also covers the early history of e-mail
== See also ==
* [[E-mail art]]
* E-mail social issues:
** [[netiquette]]
** [[Internet humor]]
** [[Internet slang]]
** [[spamming|spam]]
** [[stopping e-mail abuse]]
** [[virus (computing)|virus]].
* Clients and servers:
** [[e-mail client]]
** [[mail transfer agent]]
** [[webmail]] / [[HTMLmail]]
** [[branded e-mail]]
* Mailing list:
** [[electronic mailing list]]
** [[mailing list archive]]
* [[e-mail address]]
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** [[Gmail]]
== Further Reading ==
Abdullah, M. H. (1998). "Electronic discourse: Evolving conventions in online academic environments". Bloomington, IN: ERIC Clearinghouse on Reading, English, and Communication. [ED 422 593]
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Danet, B. (2001). Cyberplay: Communicating online. Oxford: Berg Publishing.
== External links ==
* [http://www.multicians.org/thvv/mail-history.html The History of Electronic Mail] is a personal memoir by the implementer of one of the first e-mail systems
* Michael A. Padlipsky, ''[http://www.mids.org/mn/1002/mike.html And They Argued All Night...]'' is an alternative personal recollection of the origins of network e-mail
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''This article, or an earlier version, contains content derived from [[FOLDOC]], used by permission.''
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[[mr:ईमेल]]
[[ms:Mel elektronik]]
[[my:E-Mail]]
[[nah:E-mail]]
[[nds:Nettbreef]]
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