Éléktrolisis: Béda antarrépisi

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[[Molekul]] nétral bisa ogé robah dina éta dua éléktroda. Conto:
 
[[Gambar:P-Benzochinon.svg]] <math>\mathrm{+ \ 2 e^- + \ 2 H^+ \longrightarrow \ }</math> [[Gambar:HydroquinoneHydrochinon2.svg]]
 
Jumlah énérgi listrik anu kudu ditambahkeun sarua jeung parobahan [[énérgi bébas Gibbs]] réaksina ditambah kaleungitan dina sistemna. <!--The losses can (in theory) be arbitrarily close to zero, so the maximum [[thermodynamics|thermodynamic]] efficiency equals the [[enthalpy]] change divided by the free energy change of the reaction. In most cases, the electric input is larger than the enthalpy change of the reaction, so some energy is released in the form of heat. In some cases, for instance, in the electrolysis of [[steam]] into hydrogen and oxygen at high temperature, the opposite is true. Heat is absorbed from the surroundings, and the [[heating value]] of the produced hydrogen is higher than the electric input. (It is worth noting that the maximum theoretic efficiency of a [[fuel cell]] is the inverse of that of electrolysis. It is, thus, impossible to create a [[perpetual motion]] machine by combining the two processes. See [[water fuel cell]] for an example of such an attempt.)