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Baris ka-4:
Butan aya salaku wewengkon ti sababaraha karajaan nepi ka awal abad ka-17 nalika [[Lama]] sarta pamingpin militér [[Shabdrung]] [[Ngawang Namgyal]] nu kabur ti panarajangan kaagamaan di [[Tibét]], ngahijikeun wewengkon Butan sarta melak hiji cicirén Butan nu béda. Teras dina awal abad ka-20, Butan tepang jeung [[Kakaisaran Britania]] sarta miboga hubungan bilateral nu kiat jeung India sanggeus kamerdikaanna. Dina taun 2006, dumasar kana survéy sadunya, ''[[Business Week]]'' nyimpen Butan salaku [[nagara nu pangbagjana]] sa-Asia sarta ka-8 sadunya.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://images.businessweek.com/ss/06/10/happiest_countries/index_01.htm |title=The World's Happiest Countries |publisher=Business Week |date=2006-10-11 |accessdate=2009-04-23| archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20090426174928/http://images.businessweek.com/ss/06/10/happiest_countries/index_01.htm?| archivedate= 26 April 2009 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref>
 
Lemah Butan kasusun ti dataran [[subtropis]] di kidul nepi ka daratan luhur Himalaya [[sub-alpen]] di kalér, di mana sababaraha titik miboga kaluhuran leuwih ti {{j|{{convert|7000|m|ft}}}}. Lega wewengkonna dilaporkeun kira-kira {{convert|46500|km2|abbr=on}} taun 1997<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gnhc.gov.bt/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/08fyp.pdf |title=8th Five Year Plan (1997–2002) |format=PDF |publisher=[[Pamaréntah Butan]] |year=1997 |accessdate=2011-08-22}}</ref> and {{convert|38394|km2|sqmi}} in 2002.<ref name=FYP9>{{cite web |url=http://www.gnhc.gov.bt/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/5yp09_main.pdf |title=9th Five Year Plan (2002–2007) |publisher=Pamaréntah Karajaan Bhutan|year=2002 |accessdate=2011-08-22}}</ref><ref name=official>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhutan.gov.bt/government/aboutbhutan.php |title=Portal Nasional Butan |publisher=Departemén Ténologi Informasi Butan |accessdate=2011-08-22}}</ref> Agama nasional Butan nyaéta [[BuddhaBudha Vajrayana]] sarta pangeusina, diperkirakeun jumlahna méh 750.000 jiwa,<ref name=clock/> utamina ngagem [[BuddhaBudha]]. [[Hindu]] mangrupa agama nu panggedéna kadua.<ref>"Bhutan." ''World Almanac & Book Of Facts'' (2008): 752-753. Academic Search Premier. Web. 8 Dés. 2011.</ref>
 
Taun 2008, Butan ngarobih wangun nagara ti [[monarki absolut]] ka [[monarki konstitusional]] jeung miboga pamilihan umum kahijina. Butan mangrupa anggota ti [[Pasarikatan Bangsa-Bangsa]] sareng [[Asosiasi Asia Kidul pikeun Sabilulungan Wewengkon]] (SAARC) sarta minangka tuan rumah pikeun [[Daptar patepungan SAARC|Patepungan SAARC XVI]] dina April 2010.
Baris ka-11:
Kecap nu mirip jeung Butan{{spaced ndash}}kaasup ''Bottanthis'', ''Bottan'', jeung ''Bottanter''{{spaced ndash}}mimiti muncul dina peta Éropa sabundeureun 1580-an. ''Six Voyages'' taun 1676 beunangna [[Jean-Baptiste Tavernier]] minangka nu kahiji anu nyutat ngaran ''Boutan''. Tapi, dina sadaya kasus, katingalna ngaran-ngaran ieu dipaké sanés pikeun Butan modéren ieu tapi pikeun [[Tibét (1912–1951)|Karajaan Tibét]]. Bébéda modéren antara duanana mimiti ku ékspedisi [[George Bogle (diplomat)|Bogle]] taun 1774{{mdash}}sadar kana bébéda antara 2 wewengkon éta, ogé budayana jeung pamaréntahanna. Teras laporan ahirna pikeun [[East India Company]] (EIC, Pasarikatan Dagang Inggris di Hindia Wétan) sacara resmi ngajukeun ngaran karajaanna [[Druk Desi]] salaku "Boutan" sarta nu [[Panchen Lama]] salaku "Tibét". Survéyor jéndral EIC, [[James Rennell]], kahijina nga-Inggris-keun ngaran Perancis éta kana "Bootan" sarta teras ngapopulérkeun yén Butan jeung Tibét téh béda.<ref name="Kuensel">[http://www.keystobhutan.com/bhutan/bhutan_history_europe.php "History of Bhutan: How Europe heard about Bhutan"]. ''Kuensel''. 24 August 2003. Diaksés 28 Sépt 2011.</ref>
 
{{Multiple image
|align = left
|footer = 2 peta EIC Rennell, némbongkeun babagian "Thibet or Bootan" (Thibet atanapi Bootan) dina wewengkon nu béda.
|image1 = 1777 Rennell - Dury Wall Map of Delhi and Agra, India - Geographicus - DelhiAgrah-dury-1777.jpg
|alt1 = Deukeut Delhi, Tibét katémbong salkau "Thibet or Bootan"
|caption1 = 1777
|width1 = 205
|image2 = 1786 - A map of Bengal, Bahar, Oude & Allahabad - James Rennell - William Faden.jpg
|alt2 = "Thibet" jeung wewengkonna sarta "Bootan" kapisah terang
|caption2 = 1786
|width2 = 310
}}
Asal ngaran "Butan" sacara pastina heunteu terang, sanajan kamungkinan gedéna, ngaran ieu diturunkeun ti [[éndonim]] dina [[basa Tibét Heubeul]], ''Bod'', dipaké pikeun [[Tibét Raya]]. Sacara tradisional, ngaran éta dipaké dina basa [[Sangsakarta]] ''Bhoṭa-anta'' (भोट-अन्त, "ahir [[Tibét]]"), nunjukkeun lokasi Butan di wewengkon pakidulan plato jeung kabudayaan Tibét.<ref>{{cite book |title=A Cultural History of Bhutan |volume=1 |first=Balaram |last=Chakravarti |publisher=Hilltop |year=1979 |page=7 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=6VxuAAAAMAAJ |accessdate=2011-09-01}}</ref><ref name="Names&Histories">Taylor, Isaac. ''[http://www.archive.org/details/namesandtheirhi00taylgoog Names and Their Histories; a Handbook of Historical Geography and Topographical Nomenclature]''. Gale Research Co. (Detroit), 1898. Diaksés 24 Séptémber 2011.</ref>
 
Baris 31 ⟶ 19:
Pakakas, pakarang, [[gajah|gagajah]]an, sarta wangunan tina batu ngabuktikeun yén Butan dieusian kira-kira saprak taun [[abada ka-20 SM|2000 SM]], sanajan teu aya cutatan ti jaman éta. Sajarawan miboga téori yén nagara ''Lhomon'' ("poék kidul"), atanapi ''Monyul'' ("Lemah Poék", sesebutan nu ngarah kana [[urang Monpa|Monpa]], [[urang pribumi]] Butan) bisa jadi enggeus aya antawis 500 SM jeung 600 M. Ngaran ''Lhomon Tsendenjong'' (Nagara [[Cendana]]), jeung ''Lhomon Khashi'', atanapi Mon Kidul (nagara 4 padeukeutan), dipanggih dina hikayat-hikayat Butan jeung Tibét kuna.<ref name=WIAS>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldinstituteforasianstudies.org/buthan.html|title=Bhutan|publisher=World Institute for Asian Studies|date=2006-08-21|accessdate=2009-04-23}}</ref><ref name=CS0>{{Country study|country=Bhutan|abbr=bt|editor=Savada, Andrea Matles|year=1991|section=Origins and Early Settlement, A.D. 600–1600|author=Worden, Robert L|pd=yes}}</ref>
[[File:Cloud-hidden, whereabouts unknown (Paro, Bhutan).jpg|thumb|left|[[Dzong]] di [[Lebak Paro]], diwangun taun 1646]]
Agama Budha kahiji kalina disebarkeun di Butan dina abad ka-7 M. Raja Tibét, [[Songtsän Gampo]]<ref name=Padel>{{cite book|title=Tigers in Red Weather: a Quest for the Last Wild Tigers|first=Ruth|last=Padel|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing USA|year=2006|isbn=0-8027-1544-3|pages=139–40|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=zYLJp0X04mUC|accessdate=2011-08-21}}</ref> (maréntah 627–649), nu pindah agama ka Budha, ngalegakeun Kakaisaran Tibét nepi ka Sikkim jeung sBhutanButan,<ref>Sailen Debnath, Essays on Cultural History of North Bengal, ISBN 9788186860427; & Sailen Debnath, The Dooars in Historical Transition, ISBN 9788186860441</ref> maréntahkeun diwangunna 2 kuli Budha, di [[Bumthang (kota)|Bumthang]] di sBhutanButan bagian tengah sarta di Kyichu (deukeut [[Paro, sBhutanButan|Paro]]) di [[Lebak Paro]].<ref name=CS1>{{Country study|country=Bhutan|abbr=bt|editor=Savada, Andrea Matles|year=1991|section=Arrival of Buddhism|author=Worden, Robert L|pd=yes}}</ref> Agama Budha disebarkeun luas<ref name=Padel/> dina taun 746<ref name=Hattaway>{{cite book|title=Peoples of the Buddhist World: a Christian Prayer Diary|first=Paul|last=Hattaway|publisher=William Carey Library|year=2004|isbn=0-87808-361-8|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=OzEOKNPsv2EC|page=30|accessdate=2011-08-20}}</ref> jaman pamaréntahan Raja Sindhu Rāja (''ogé'' Künjom;<ref name=Rennie>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=sHAnAtNrUQoC|title=Bhutan: Ways of Knowing|first1=Frank|last1=Rennie|first2=Robin|last2=Mason|publisher=IAP|pages=18, 58|year=2008|isbn=1-59311-734-5|accessdate=2011-08-10}}</ref> Sendha Gyab; Chakhar Gyalpo), saurang raja [[urang India|India]] dina pangasingan nu ngawangun pamaréntahan di Bumthang jeung Istana Chakhar Gutho Palace.<ref name=HBB>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=yA9uAAAAMAAJ|title=History of Bhutan Based on Buddhism|first=C. T.|last=Dorji|publisher=Sangay Xam, Prominent Publishers|year=1994|isbn=81-86239-01-4|accessdate=2011-08-12}}</ref>{{rp|35}} <ref name=Harding>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=rlxdncBwpbgC|title=The Life and Revelations of Pema Lingpa|first1=Padma-gliṅ-pa (Gter-ston)|first2=Sarah|last2=Harding|editor=Harding, Sarah|publisher=Snow Lion Publications|year=2003|isbn=1-55939-194-4|accessdate=2011-08-10}}</ref>{{rp|13}}
 
[[File:Tashigang Dzong 111120.jpg|thumb|Dzong Trashigang, diwangun taun 1659.]]
Ulama Budha [[Padmasambhava|Padma Sambhava]] (kawanoh ogé salaku [[Guru Rinpoche]]) sumping ka sBhutanButan dina taun 747.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.buddhistchannel.tv/index.php?id=18,963,0,0,1,0 |title=Taktshang: a Buddhist Legend |first=Kinley |last=Dorji |publisher=[[Kuensel]] online |work=Buddhist Channel |date=2005-03-30 |accessdate=2009-04-23}}</ref> Sajarah awal Butan kalobaanana teu terang ku sabab raloba cutatan sajarah ancur nalika ibu kota heubeul, [[Punakha]], kaduruk dina taun 1827. Di abad ka-10, kaayaan pulitik sBhutanButan loba dipangaruhan ku sajarah kaagamaanna. Rupa-rupa aliran Budha muncul nu didukung ku rupa-rupa pamingpin militér [[Mongol]]. Sanggeus teuleumna [[Dinasti Yuan]] dina abad ka-14, aliran-aliran ieu silih sihung pikeun dominasi sacara pulitik jeung kaagamaan, nu teras ngarah kana unggulna aliran [[Druk]]pa di abad ka-16.<ref name=CS1/><ref name=CS4>{{country study |country=Bhutan |abbr=bt |editor=Savada, Andrea Matles |year=1991 |section=Rivalry among the Sects |author=Worden, Robert L |pd=yes}}</ref>
===Réformasi pulitik jeung modérenisasi===
 
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