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Dina widang [[élmu hayat]], '''évolusi''' (''ᮆᮗᮧᮜᮥᮞᮤ'') hartina parobahan pasipatan [[organisme]] dina sababaraha turunan, kaasup lahirna [[spésiés]] anyar. Ku majuna [[genetika]] modérn taun [[1940-an]], évolusi diwatesan leuwih husus salaku parobahan frékuénsi [[alél]] dina hiji populasi ti hiji generasi ka generasi salajengna. Dina widang séjén, ''évolusi'' dipaké leuwih umum pikeun nujul prosés parobahan naon waé sapanjang waktu.
 
Salah sahiji téori koherenkohérén nu munggaran dina évolusi biologi diajukeun [[abad ka-19]] ku [[Jean-Baptiste Lamarck]]. Ku medalna makalah babarengan antara [[Charles Darwin]] jeung [[Alfred Russel Wallace]] taun [[1858]], nu dituturkeun ku buku Darwin ''[[Origin of Species]]'' taun [[1859]], téori évolusi dumasar [[seléksi alam]] jadi beuki kaaku ku masarakat ilmiah sarta kaserep ku masarakat umum. Taun [[1930-an]], gawé bareng sababaraha élmuwan ngagabungkeun seléksi alam Darwin jeung téori [[héréditas]] nu diajukeun [[Gregor Mendel]] ngahasilkeun [[sintésis évolusi modérn]]. Dina sintésis modérn, "évolusi" dihartikeun salaku parobahan frékuénsi alél dina hiji ''[[gene pool]]''. Parobahan ieu bisa jadi alatan sababaraha mékanisme béda: [[seléksi alam]], ''[[genetic drift]]'', atawa parobahan struktur populasi (''[[gene flow]]'').
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==Téori ilmiah==
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# The mechanisms that cause some traits to persist while others perish.
 
{{tarjamahkeun|inggris}}
The modern synthesis, like its Mendelian and Darwinian antecedents, is a scientific theory. In plain English, people use the word "theory" to signify "conjecture", "speculation", or "opinion". In contrast, a [[theory|scientific theory]] is a model of the world (or some portion of it) from which [[falsifiability|falsifiable]] [[hypothesis|hypotheses]] can be generated and be verified through [[empiricism|empirical observation]]. In this sense, "theory" and "fact" do not stand in opposition, but rather exist in a reciprocal relationship — for example, it is a "fact" that an [[apple]] dropped on earth will fall towards the center of the planet in a straight line, and the "theory" which explains it is the current theory of [[gravitation]]. Currently, the modern synthesis is the most [[predictive power|powerful]] theory explaining variation and speciation, and within the [[science]] of [[biology]], it has completely replaced other explanations for the origin of species, including [[creationism]] and [[Lamarckism]].
 
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