Basa Latén: Béda antarrépisi

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m Bot: Migrating 189 interwiki links, now provided by Wikidata on d:q397 (translate me)
m Ngarapihkeun éjahan, replaced: make → maké , rea → réa, ngarupakeun → mangrupa, ea → éa (2) using AWB
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| sil = LTN
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'''Basa Latin''' atawa '''Latén''' baheulana ngarupakeunmangrupa [[basa]] asli nu dipaké di wewengkon sabudeureun [[Roma]] nu disebut [[Latium]]. Boga pangaruh badag nalika jadi basa formal [[Karajaan Romawi]].
 
Sadaya [[Basa Romawi]] diturunkeun tina basa Latin, sarta loba kekecapan nu asalna tina kecap Latin kapanggih ogé dina basa-basa modern séjénna kayaning [[basa Inggris]]. Leuwih ti éta, di dunya Kulon, basa Latin geus jadi ''[[lingua franca]]'', basa nu diteuleuman sarta dilarapkeun pikeun kaperluan ilmiah sarta pulitik, salila leuwih ti sarébu taun, nu kalindih ku [[basa Prancis]] dina [[abad ka-18]] sarta basa Inggris ahir [[abad ka-19]]. Kiwari jadi [[Latin (Ecclesiastical)|basa resmi]] [[Garéja Katolik Roma]], kaasup salaku basa resmi nasional [[Kota Vatikan]]. Basa Latin ogé masih dipaké, bareng jeung [[basa Yunani]], pikeun nangtukeun ngaran nu dipaké dina [[klasifikasi ilmiah]] mahluk hirup.
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# [[accusative case|accusative]] (direct objects, some prepositional phrases),
# [[ablative case|ablative]] (separation, source, cause, or instrument),
# [[vocative case|vocative]] (direct address).
 
In addition, there exists in some nouns a [[locative case]] used to express place (normally expressed by the ablative with a preposition such as IN), but this hold-over from Indo-EuropeanEuropéan is only found in the names of lakes, cities, towns, similar locales, and a few other words.
 
== Basa Latin jeung ''Romans'' ==
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Saruntagna Karajaan Romawi, basa Latin robah jadi rupa-rupa [[basa Romans]]. These were for many centuries only spoken languages, Latin being still used for writing. (E.g. Latin was the official language of [[Portugal]] until [[1296]] when it was replaced by [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]].)
 
Actually the Romance languages are not derived from [[Classical Latin]] but rather from the spoken [[Vulgar Latin]]. Latin and Romance differ (for example) in that Romance had distinctive stress whereaswheréas Latin had distinctive length of vowels. In [[Italian language|Italian]] and [[Sardo logudorese]], there is distinctive length of consonants and stress, in [[Spanish language|Spanish]] only distinctive stress, and in [[French language|French]] even stress is no longer distinctive.
 
Another major distinction between Romance and Latin is that Romance languages, excluding Romanian, have lost their case endings in most words except for some pronouns. [[Romanian language|Romanian]] still has five cases (though the [[ablative case|ablative]] is no longer represented).
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== Basa Latin jeung basa Inggris ==
 
Tatabasa Inggris teu sacara langsung diturunkeun tina tatabasa Latin. Attempts to makemaké English grammar fit Latin rules — such as the contrived prohibition against the [[split infinitive]] — have not worked successfully in regular usage. However, as many as half the words in English come to us through Latin, including many words of Greek origin first adopted by the Romans, not to mention the thousands of French, Spanish, and Italian words of Latin origin that have also enriched English.
 
Nalika [[abad ka-16]] nepi ka [[abad ka-18]], panulis-panulis Inggris nyipta loba pisan kecap-kecap anyar nu diturunkeun tina akar kecap basa Latin jeung Yunani. Kecap-kecap ieu, euyeub ku rasa jeung harti. Loba kecap-kecapna nu kungsi dipaké terus kapopohokeun, tapi sabagian mah aya kénéh, kayaning ''imbibe'', ''extrapolate'', jeung ''inebriation''.
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== Tumbu kaluar ==
* '''[http://la.wikipedia.org/ Wikipédia Latin]'''
 
* [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/ The Perseus Project] has many useful pages for the study of classical languages and literatures, including [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/resolveform?lang=Latin an interactive Latin dictionary].
* [http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=LTN Ethnologue report for Latin]
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* [http://www.textkit.com Textkit] has Latin textbooks and etexts.
* [http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definition/Latin-english/ Latin - English Dictionary]: from Webster's Rosetta Edition.
* [http://www.language-reference.com Language reference] Cross-foreign-language lexicon powered by its own searchséarch engine. All cross combinations between Latin and French, German, Italian, Spanish.
 
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