Oda Nobunaga: Béda antarrépisi

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===Nobunaga Ngora===
 
Dina [[1534]], Nobunaga dilahirkeun di wewengkon Shobata Castle Propinsi Owari anakna [[daimyo]] [[Oda Nobuhide]]. Nobunaga putra katiltu ti Nobuhide; sanajan kitu, Nobunaga putra munggaran nu lahir lain ti [[concubinage|selir]] sarta Nobunaga ngarupakeunmangrupa ahli waris ti kulawarga jeung turunanna di [[Propinsi Owari]]. Nobunaga nu nyieun [[Nagoya Castle]] waktu umurna masih keneh ngora, Nobunaga diasuh pembantu senior kulawarga Oda, [[Hirate Masahide]], dulurna [[Oda Nobuyuki|Nobuyuki]]. Keur ngora, Nobunaga ngabobaan sipat eksentrik tur teu bisa nahan amarah. Nobunaga disebut "Owari's Great Fool" ku warga Owari.
 
Dina taun [[1546]], Nobunaga ngalaksanakeun [[coming of age|upacara baleg]], sarta dina taun hareupna, Nobunaga nyerang [[Propinsi Mikawa]].
 
Din manuver poolitik, Hirate Masahide ngirim surat ka musuhna nyaetanyaéta daimyo Oda di [[Propinsi Mino]], [[Saito Dosan]], ngaharapkeun Nobunaga kawin ka adi awewe Dosan, [[Nohime|Nōhime]]. Kawinna ieu pasangan keur ngeureunkeun mumusuhan antara dua kulawarga tadi.
 
 
===Ngahijikeun Propinsi Owari===
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In any case, Nobunaga ordered [[Niwa Nagahide]] to prepare for an invasion of [[Shikoku]] and [[Akechi Mitsuhide]] to assist Hideyoshi. En route to [[Chugoku region]], Nobunaga stayed at [[Honnoji]], a temple in [[Kyoto]]. Since Nobunaga would not expect an attack in the middle of his firmly-controlled territories, he was guarded by only a few dozen personal servants and bodyguards.
 
Nevertheless, Akechi Mitsuhide suddenly had Honnoji surrounded in a [[coup d'état|coup]], forcing Oda Nobunaga to commit suicide. At the same time, Akechi forces assaulted [[Nijo Castle]], and Oda Nobunaga killed himself after sending the [[crown prince|kōtaishi]] away. Together with him died his young page ''(o-kosho)'', [[Mori Ranmaru]], who had served him faithfully for many years and was still in his teens at the time. Ranmaru's loyalty and devotion to his lord were widely known and praised at the time.
 
Just 11 days after the Honnoji incident, Mitsuhide was killed at the [[Battle of Yamasaki]].
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==Policies==
 
Militarily, Oda's revolutionary dreaming not only changed the way war was fought in [[Japan]], but also in turn made one of the most modernized forces in the world at that time. He developed, implemented, and expanded the use of long [[Pike (weapon)|pike]]s, [[firearm]]s, [[ironclad]] [[ship]]s, and [[castle]] fortifications in accordance with the expanded mass battles of the period. Oda also instituted a specialized warrior class system and appointed his retainers and subjects to positions based on ability, not wholly based on name, rank, or family relationship as in prior periods. Retainers were also given land on the basis of rice output, not land size. Oda's organizational system in particular was later used and extensively developed by his ally [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]] in the forming of the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] in [[Edo]].
 
Oda's dominance and brilliance was not restricted to the battlefield, for he also was a keen businessman and understood the principles of [[microeconomics]] and [[macroeconomic]]s. First, in order to modernize the economy from an agricultural base to a manufacture and service base, castle towns were developed as the center and basis of local economies. Roads were also made within his domain between castle towns to not only facilitate [[trade]], but also to move armies great distances in short timespans. [[International trade]] was also expanded beyond [[China]] and the [[Korea]]n peninsula, while ''[[nanban]]'' (southern barbarian) trade with [[Europe]], the [[Philippines]], [[Siam]], and [[Indonesia]] was also started.
 
Oda also instituted ''rakuichi rakuza'' policies as a way to stimulate business and the overall [[Economics|economy]]. These policies abolished and prohibited [[Monopoly|monopolies]] and opened once closed and privileged unions, associations, and [[guild]]s, which he saw as impediments to [[commerce]]. He also developed [[tax]] exemptions and established laws to regulate and ease the borrowing of debt.
 
As Oda conquered Japan and amassed a great amount of wealth, he progressively supported the [[arts]] for which he always had an interest, but which he later and gradually more importantly used as a display of his power and prestige. He built extensive gardens and castles which were themselves great works of art. [[Azuchi castle]] on the shores of [[Lake Biwa]] is said to be the greatest castle in the [[history of Japan]], covered with [[gold]] and statues on the outside and decorated with standing screen, sliding door, wall, and ceiling paintings made by his subject [[Kano Eitoku]] on the inside. During this time, Oda's subject and [[tea]] master [[Sen no Rikyu]] established the [[Japanese tea ceremony]] which Oda popularized and used originally as a way to talk [[politics]] and [[business]]. The beginnings of modern [[kabuki]] were started and later fully developed in the early [[Edo period]]. Additionally, Oda was very interested in European culture which was still very new to Japan. He collected pieces of Western art as well as arms and armour. He is considered to be among the first Japanese people in recorded history to wear European clothes. He also became the patron of the [[Society of Jesus|Jesuit]] missionaries in Japan, although he never converted to [[Christianity]].
 
Oda is remembered in Japan as one of the most brutal figures of the [[Sengoku]] period. Oda was the first of three unifiers during the [[Sengoku period]]. These unifiers were (in order) Oda Nobunaga, [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]] and [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]]. Oda Nobunaga was well on his way to the complete conquest and unification of Japan when [[Akechi Mitsuhide]], one of his generals, forced Oda into committing suicide in [[Honnoji]] in [[Kyoto]]. Akechi then proceeded to declare himself master over Oda's domains, but was quickly defeated by Oda's general [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]].
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*A notable exception to Nobunaga's portrayal as a demonic villain in video games is ''[[Kessen III]]''. In this game, Nobunaga is the central character and is seen in a more tragic light, beginning with his assassination before flashing back to his early days in Owari.
*Oda is also one of 20 historical figures in the [[History Channel]]'s game, ''[[Anachronism (game)|Anachronism]]'', where people from different times and places are pitted against each other in an arena. Oda features the yumi, or the bow of the samurai, kyudo, the way of the bow, a Japanese equivalent of plate mail, and [[Izanagi]], the god of life in the [[Shinto]] religion.
 
*Oda is also one of 20 historical figures in the [[History Channel]]'s game, ''[[Anachronism (game)|Anachronism]]'', where people from different times and places are pitted against each other in an arena. Oda features the yumi, or the bow of the samurai, kyudo, the way of the bow, a Japanese equivalent of plate mail, and [[Izanagi]], the god of life in the [[Shinto]] religion.
 
*Nobunaga also appears as a character in the Playstation 2 game, ''Samurai Warriors'' and its sequel, ''Samurai Warriors 2''. He is anachronistically central to the first, but his role is deemphasized in the second. In the first game, his attack at Okehazama and at Inabayama are playable stages. In the second, Okehazama appears only as a cutscene and Inabayama is not mentioned; his story mode instead begins at Nagashino. His character design is similar to that of [[Cao Cao]] from [[Dynasty Warriors]], and he wields a sword that glows with evil energy.
 
*Another possible reference is in [[James Clavell]]'s famous novel ''[[Shogun (novel)|Shogun]]''. Oda Nobunaga does not appear in name, but the character of "Goroda the Dictator" (who is mentioned in passing, not an active figure) bears striking resemblance to the real-life warlord.
 
*In a chapter of the ''[[Hikaru no Go]]'' [[manga]] series called "Special Bonus: the Haze Middle School Actors present Assassination at Honnoji Temple", a character named Tetsuo Kaga portrays Nobunaga, while a character named Yuki Mitani plays Mitsuhide.
 
*In the ''[[Onimusha]]'' video game series, Nobunaga Oda is a demonic warlord who rules over Genma after the defeat of the Fortinbras, the king and god of the Genma demons. He faces Jubei Muneyoshi Yagyu in ''Onimusha 2'', Onimaru in ''Onimusha Tactics'' and Jaques Blanc in ''Onimusha 3''. He is finally slain by Samanosuke Akechi in ''Onimusha 3''.
 
*In the loosely Sengoku-based arcade shoot-em-up ''[[Vasara 2]]'', Nobunaga is the final boss who fights the heroes above [[Honnoji Temple]].
 
*In the manga ''Flame of Recca'', Nobunaga led his army to exterminate a fictional ninja clan Hokage under the assumption that he would like to use their special weapons, the [[Madogu]]s to help on his conquest. The extermination was a success, but he failed to achieve any Madogu at all. However, it is implied that during Akechi Mitsuhide's rebellion at Honnouji, Nobunaga's death wasn't because of suicide. He was assassinated by one of the last remnants of Hokage ninja, [[Kurei]], as an act of revenge. Nobunaga's death wasn't implied in the anime, however.
 
*In ''Sengoku Basara'', initially Nobunaga wasn't the main character (the main characters were Masamune Date and Yukimura Sanada). When the game was rebuilt as ''Devil Kings'' for western audiences, Nobunaga was renamed as Devil King and becomes the main character of the game. Personality-wise, he's similar as his depiction in Onimusha, a ruthless warlord who will stop at nothing until the world bows down to his might. He wields a sword and a shotgun in the game.
 
*Nobunaga is played by Daisuke Ryu in [[Akira Kurosawa]]'s movie ''[[Kagemusha]]''.
 
*Nobunaga is the main villain in ''[[Sakura Taisen|Sakura Taisen V]]'', in which he tries to conquer the world, starting with New York.
 
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{{succession box | title=[[Sengoku period|Sengoku]] [[Daimyo]] | before=[[Ashikaga Yoshiaki]], last of the [[Ashikaga shogunate]] | after=[[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]] | years=[[1551]]?-[[1582]]}}
{{end box}}
 
 
 
[[Kategori:Daimyo]]