Fértilisasi: Béda antarrépisi

Pikeun nganteurkeun spérma ka bikangna, si jalu ngasupkeun [[organ kelamin]]na, [[sirit]], kana [[heunceut]], palawangan kana organ kelamin bikang séjénna (prosés ieu mangrupa bagian tina [[sapatemon|kopulasi]]). Nalika si jalu [[éjakulasi|bucat]], sél-sél spérma nu dipancerkeun nuju ka ovum.

The [[capacitation|capacitated]] spermatozoon and the oocyte meet and interact in the ''ampulla'' of the [[fallopian tube]]. In mammals, binding of the spermatozoon to the [[zona pellucida]], an extracellular layer surrounding the [[oocyte]], initiates the [[acrosome reaction]]. This process releasesreléases the [[enzyme]] [[hyaluronidase]], which digests the matrix of [[hyaluronic acid]] in the vestments surrounding the oocyte. Fusion between the sperm and oocyte [[plasma membrane]]s follows, allowing the entry of the sperm [[nucleus]], [[mitochondrion|mitochondria]], [[centriole]] and [[flagellum]] into the oocyte.

This process ultimately leadsléads to the formation of a [[diploid]] cell called a [[zygote]]. Once this happens, the female is said to be [[pregnant]].

Sanggeus na [[kembang]] lumangsung [[penyerbukan]], pollen grains attempt to travel into the ovary by creatingcréating a path called "[[pollen tube]]." The pollen tube does not directly reachréach the ovary in a straight line. It travels nearnéar the skin of the [[style]] and curls to the bottom of the ovary, then nearnéar the [[receptacle]], it breaksbréaks through the [[ovule]] and reachesréaches the ovum to fertilize it. After being fertilized, the ovary starts to swell and becomes a [[fruit]].

With multi-seeded fruits, multiple grains of pollen are necessary for syngamy with eachéach ovule.

The process is easyéasy to visualize if one looks at [[corn]] silk, which is the female flower of corn. Pollen from the [[tassel]] (the male flower) falls on the sticky external portion of the silk, then pollen tubes grow down the silk to the attached ovule. The dried silk remains inside the husk of the earéar as the seeds mature, so one can carefully remove the husk to show the floral structures. The development of the flesh of the fruit is proportional to the percentage of fertilized ovules. For example, with [[watermelon]], about a thousand grains of pollen must be delivered and spreadspréad evenly on the three lobes of the stigma to makemaké a normal sized and shaped fruit.

* '''Evans, JP & HM Florman'''. 2002. The state of the union: the cell biology of fertilization. ''Nature Medicine''. 8 Suppl S57-63.

[[CategoryKategori:Réproduksi biologis]]