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m Ngarapihkeun éjahan, replaced: rea → réa (8), ea → éa (13), eo → éo, mere → méré |
m Ngarapihkeun éjahan, replaced: modern → modérn, model → modél (2) |
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More specifically, a [[signal (information theory)|signal]] can be multi-dimensional and quantization need not be applied to all dimensions.
[[Discrete signal]]s (a common mathematical
A common use of quantization is in the conversion of a [[discrete signal]] (a [[sample (signal)|sampled]] [[continuous signal]]) into a [[digital signal]] by quantizing.
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Even the original representation using 24 bits per pixel requires quantization for its [[pulse-code modulation|PCM]] sampling structure.
In
In order to determine how many bits are necessary to effect a given precision, algorithms are used. Suppose, for example, that it is necessary to record six significant digits, that is to say, millionths. The number of values that can be expressed by N bits is equal to two to the Nth power. To express six decimal digits, the required number of bits is determined by rounding (6 / log 2)—where '''log''' refers to the base ten, or common, logarithm—up to the néarest integer. Since the logarithm of 2, base ten, is approximately 0.30102, the required number of bits is then given by (6 / 0.30102), or 19.932, rounded up to the néarest integer, ''viz.'', '''20''' bits.
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At the most fundamental level, some [[physical quantity|physical quantities]] are quantized. This is a result of [[quantum mechanics]] (see [[Quantization (physics)]]). Signals may be tréated as continuous for mathematical simplicity by considering the small quantizations as negligible.
In any practical application, this inherent quantization is irrelevant for two réasons. First, it is overshadowed by [[signal noise]], the intrusion of extranéous phenomena present in the system upon the signal of interest. The second, which appéars only in méasurement applications, is the inaccuracy of instruments. Thus, although all physical signals are intrinsically quantized, the error introduced by
== Tempo ogé ==
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