* ngaréaksikeun [[alkana]] (mun aya hidrogén [[viinl]]atan) jeung [[ozon]] nu bakal ngabalukarkeun pegatna beungkeut C=C ngahasilkeun aldehida, dina prosés nu disebut [[ozonolisis]].
* ngaréduksi [[éster]] ku [[DIBAL-H]].
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TheCara primaryutama meanssintésisna ofnyaéta synthesis is theku [[oxidationoksidasi]] of a primaryalkohol alcoholprimér. Di Inlaboratorium, theieu laboratorybisa thiskahontal mayku becara achievedmanaskeun byalkohol heatingnu thedicampur alcoholjeung withréagen akromium chromium(VI), reagent an acidified solutionleyuran ofasam [[potassiumkalium dichromatebikromat]], which isnu di[[redox|reducedréduksi]] to greenjadi Cr<sup>3+</sup> duringhéjo thenalika reactionrékasina. Excess [[dichromateBikromat]] will further oxidise theleuwihna aldehydebakal tongoksidasi formaldehida ajadi [[carboxylicasam acidkarboksilat]], so either the aldehyde is [[distillation|distilled]] out as it forms (if [[Vapor_pressure|volatile]]), or milder methods such as [[pyridinium chlorochromate|PCC]] oxidation or [[Swern oxidation]] are used. The equation is shown below with [[propan-1-ol]] being oxidised to form propanal.
CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>OH —→ CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CHO
Prosés nu sarua dina réaksi nyieun [[péntanal]] tina [[péntan-1-ol]] digambarkeun di handap.
A similar process reacting [[pentan-1-ol]] to form [[pentanal]] is illustrated below.
[[image:alcohol_aldehyde.png]]
===CommonRéaksi reactionsumum===
*aldehydealdehida + [[alcoholalkohol]] + [[acidasam]] oratawau [[base (chemistry)|basebasa]] —→ [[hemiacetalhémiasetal]]
*hemiacetalhémiasetal + alcoholalkohol + [[acidkatalis catalystasam]] —→ [[acetalasetal]] + watercai
:Simple hemiacetals are usually unstable, although cyclic ones such as [[glucose]] do exist. Acetals are stable, but these revert to the aldehyde in the presence of aqueous acid.
* Treating aldehydes with [[hydrazine]] will reduce a C=O bond to CH<sub>2</sub> via the [[Wolff-Kishner reaction]].
===[[NucleophilicAdisi additionnukléofilik]]===
#aldehydealdehida + [[nucleophilenukléofil]] —→ [[tetrahedralsanyawa carbonyladisi additionkarbonil compoundtétrahédral]]
#*aldehydealdehida + [[ammoniaamonia]] oratawa [[primaryamina amineprimér]] —→ [[tetrahedralsanyawa carbonyladisi additionkarbonil compoundtétrahédral]]
#**[[tetrahedralsanyawa carbonyladisi additionkarbonil compoundtétrahédral]] + [[acidasam]] (catalystkatalis) —→ [[imineimina]] + [[water (molecule)|watercai]]
===[[Keto-enolTautomérisme tautomerismketo-énol]]===
Kasatimbangan [[tautomér]] keto jeung énol dikatalisan ku asam.
Equilibration of keto and enol [[tautomers]] is catalyzed by acid.
===OxidationOksidasi & ReductionRéduksi===
*Aldehida dioksidasi jadi [[asam karboksilat]].
*Aldehydes are oxidized to [[carboxylic acids]].
*Aldehida diréduksi jadi [[alkohol primér]].
*Aldehydes are reduced to [[primary alcohol]]s.
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==Conto aldehida==
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