Shanghai: Béda antarrépisi
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! colspan="2" bgcolor="DDDDDD" | Location in the [[People's Republic of China]]
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!colspan="2" bgcolor="DDDDDD" | Basic Information
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|'''Origin of name''': || 上 ''shàng'' - on <br />海 ''hǎi'' -
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|'''Abbreviation''': || 沪 ''Hù'' and 申 ''Shēn''
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|'''[[Population]]''' ([[2004]]): || 17,420,000 ([[List of China administrative regions by population|25th]]) <small> Municipality</small>
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| || 9,838,000 <small>Urban
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|[[Population density|'''Density''']] ([[2004]]): || 2750/km² ([[List of China administrative regions by population density|1st]]) <small> Municipality</small>
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== Ngaran asli ==
[[Gambar:Shanghaikanji.png|left]] Ngaran "Shanghai" ditulis dina dua [[Chinese character|karakter Cina]] (tempo beulah kenca) sacara literatur hartina "dina" jeung "laut". Dina [[Shanghainese|basa wewengkon Shanghai]] dieja {{IPA|/zɑ̃.'he/}}, sedengkeun dina [[Mandarin Chinese|Basa Mandarin Standar]] dumasar kana [[Hanyu Pinyin]] dieja Shànghǎi. Ngaran kota Shanghai ti [[Song Dynasty|Dinasti Song]] (dina [[11th century|abad ka-11]]), nu dina waktu harita geus aya muara walungan jeung ngaran kota ieu di tempat kiwari. Aya sababaraha nu masih keneh dipadungdengkeun saperti kumaha ngahartikeun ngaran Shanghai, tapi sajarah pamarentah satempat nyebutkeun
[[Gambar:Ashishshanghaiskyline2.jpg|thumb|300px|Bagean Shanghai [[Puxi]]]]
Singgeta Shanghai dina Basa Cina
Dina Basa Inggris, disebut
== Sajarah ==
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=== Samemeh abad ka-19 ===
Samemeh jadi kota Shanghai, Shanghai
[[Gambar:Karte Schanghai MKL1888.png|thumb|right|250px|Peta German Kota Shanghai dina taun 1888]]
[[city wall|Kota tembok]] mimiti diwangun dina taun [[1553]], hal ieu dianggap mimiti ayana Kota Shanghai. Samemeh abad ka-19, Shanghai lain kota utama, beda jeung kota utama China kiwari, teu loba kapanggih bukti [[History of China|China baheula]] di Shanghai. Sanajan kitu, saeutik bukti nu kapanggih di Shanghai heubeul kacida tur tipe tina periode [[Three Kingdoms|Tilu Karajaan]] dina Sajarah Cina, sabab Shanghai kiwari kaasup pusat sajarah [[Wu Kingdom|Karajaan Wu]] (222-280).
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=== Abad ka-19 nepi ka awal abad ka-20 ===
Shanghai tumuwuh gancang kacida dina abad ka-19, kota nu posisina strategis di [[Yangtze River]] jadi lokasi nu
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During the [[First Opium War]] in the early-[[19th century]], British forces temporarily held Shanghai. The war ended with the [[1842]] [[Treaty of Nanjing]], which saw the [[treaty ports]], Shanghai included, opened for international trade. The [[Treaty of the Bogue]] signed in [[1843]], and the [[Treaty of Wanghia|Sino-American Treaty of Wangsia]] signed in [[1844]] together saw foreign nations achieve extraterritoriality on Chinese soil, which officially lasted until 1943 but was essentially defunct by the late 1930s.
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=== Literature ===
* [[Han Bangqing]] (韓邦慶), ''[[The Sing-song Girls of Shanghai]]'' ({{zh-tp|t=『海上花列傳』|p=Haishang Hua Liezhuan}}), a novel following the lives of Shanghainese [[sing-song girls]] ([[courtesans]] who sing, dance and may provide sexual services) and the timeless decadence surrounding them. The novel was first published in 1892 during the last two decades of the [[Qing Dynasty]], with the dialogue completely in vernacular [[Wu (linguistics)|Wu Chinese]] ([[Shanghainese]]). The highly popular novel set a precedent for modern Chinese literature and was later translated into [[Mandarin (linguistics)|Mandarin]] and English by [[Eileen Chang]]. In 2005, Eileen Chang's translation was revised by [[Eva Hung]] and published in English by Columbia University Press. The novel is also sometimes called ''[[Flowers of Shanghai]]'' after the 1998 film adaptation.
* [[Eileen Chang]] was a famous Shanghainese writer during World War II. Nearly all her works of bourgeois romanticism are set in Shanghai, and many have been made into arthouse films (see ''[[Eighteen Springs]]'').
* Besides Eileen Chang, other Shanghainese "[[petit bourgeois]]" writers in the first half of twentieth century: [[Shi Zhecun]], [[Liu Na'ou]] and [[Mu Shiyang]], [[Shao Xunmei]] and [[Ye Lingfeng]].
* [[Mao Dun]], a socialist writer and playwright, is famous for his ''Ziye'', set in Shanghai.
* [[Ba Jin]], one of the most renowned Chinese writer of the last century, lived and worked in Shanghai, and set some of his works in the city.
* [[Lu Xun]], regarded as the leading leftist voice in pre-[[1949]] Shanghai, lived and worked in Shanghai.
* One of the great Chinese novels of the twentieth century, [[Qian Zhongshu]]'s ''[[Fortress Besieged]]'' is partially set in Shanghai and has mostly Shanghainese characters.
* [[Noel Coward]] wrote his novel ''[[Private Lives]]'' while staying at Shanghai's [[Cathay Hotel]].
* [[André Malraux]], ''[[La Condition Humaine]]'', 1933 (''Man's Fate'', 1934), a novel about the failed communist revolution that took place in Shanghai in 1927 and the existential choices the losers have to face. Malraux won the 1933 [[Prix Goncourt]] of literature for the novel.
* Tom Bradby's 2002 historical detective novel ''The Master of Rain'' is set in the Shanghai of 1926.
* [[Neal Stephenson]]'s science fiction novel ''[[The Diamond Age]]'' is set in an ultra-capitalist Shanghai of the future.
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* [http://www.talesofoldchina.com/shanghai/places/t-plac02.htm Old street names of Shanghai]
* [http://virtualshanghai.ish-lyon.cnrs.fr/Image.php Virtual Shanghai, photographs +/- 1850-1950]
* [http://home.wangjianshuo.com Shanghai Blog] - Events in Shanghai that affect
* {{wikivoyage|Shanghai}}
* {{flickr|Shanghai}}
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