Polistiréna: Béda antarrépisi

[[File:Expanded polystyrene foam dunnage.jpg|thumb|Pamungkus tina polistyréné (Expanded)/EPS ]]

[[File:Envase de yogur.jpg|thumb| Wadah yogurt tina bahan polistyréné ]]

'''Polystyrene''' ('''PS''')/IPAc-en|ˌ|p|ɒ|l|i|ˈ|s|t|aɪ|r|iː|n /Polistiréné (PS) mangrupa polimér aromatik sintétik anu dijieun tina ''styrene monomer''. Polistiréné wujudna bisa waé padet atawa busa-na. Sipat umum polistiréné geus jelas saperti teuas, sarta rada regas. Harga tiap kilona kawilang murah. <ref name="acc">{{cite web|title=Common Plastic Resins Used in Packaging|url=http://plastics.americanchemistry.com/Education-Resources/Hands-on-Plastics/Introduction-to-Plastics-Science-Teaching-Resources/History-of-Polymers-Plastics-for-Teachers.html|work=Introduction to Plastics Science Teaching Resources|publisher=American Chemistry Council, Inc.|accessdate=24 December 2012}}</ref> Polistiréné téh aslinamah bisa hérang/transparan, tapi bisa waé maké kelir éta gumantung kabutuhan. Sok dipaké ogé pamungkus luar (seperti mungkus [[kacang]], CD, DVD jeung lain-laina), wadah (saperti "clamshell"), tutup, [[botol]], [[gelas]], jeung [[séndok]], [[garpu]] sakali paké.

Polystyrene/polistiréné kapanggih ku [[Eduard Simon]] dina taun [[1839]],<ref>[http://inventors.about.com/od/pstartinventions/a/plastics.htm The history of plastics]. Inventors.about.com (15 June 2010). Retrieved 25 December 2011.</ref> saurang apotékér ti [[Bérlin]]. Di storax ti [[Turki]], manéhna nyuling/ ''distilled résin'' anu asalna tina geutah tangkal sweetgum orientalis anu ngandung minyak, anu hasilna dibéré ngaran styrol. Sababaraha poé tiharita ieu Simon manggihan yén styrol jadi jelly/ngageblég ku alatan aya oksida ("Styroloxyd"). Saterusna kimiawan [[John Buddle Blyth]] anu lahir [[1845]] jeung ahli [[kimia]] urang [[Jérman]] [[Agustus Wilhelm von Hofmann]] némbongkeun yén salila ''transformation'' styrol lumangsung henteu ngabutuhkeun oksigén. Maranéhanana nyebut ieu zat métastyrol. Panalungtikan satuluyna ngébréhkeun yén ieu kimia téh sarua pisan/idéntik jeung [[Styroloxyd]]. Dina taun [[1866]] Marcelin Berthelot naluntiknalungtik ieu formasi metastyrol / Styroloxyd ti styrol salaku prosés polimérisasi. Saengeusna 80 kaliwat kakara kapanggih yén manaskeun styrol bakalngahasilkeun réaksi kantétan makromolekul, manehna ahli kimia organik Jerman Hermann Staudinger ([[1881]]-[[1965]]) nya dingaranan waé ieu zat téh nyaéta ''polystyrene''.

Pausahaan IG Farben mimiti muka pabrik polystyrene di Ludwigshafen, dina taun [[1931]], ieu bakal jadi gaganti [[séng]] dina loba kagunaan. Sukses ieu kahontal nalika tumuwuh wadah réaktor geusanpikeun nga extruded polystyrene ngaliwatan tabung/solobong/tube dipanaskeun tuliy dipotongan, ngahasilkeun polystyrene dina bentuk pellet/guruntulan.

Dina taun [[1941]], Dow Chemical nyiptakeun proses Styrofoam. <ref>{{cite web|title=Invention of STYROFOAM™|url=http://building.dow.com/about/invention.htm|publisher=Dow Chemical|accessdate=23 December 2012}}</ref>

Dina taun [[1960]], [[Dart Container]], mangrupa pabrik cangkir tina bahan busa pangbadagna, order kahiji maranéhanana. <ref>{{cite web|title=Celebrating 50 Years of Excellence in People and Products|url=http://www.dartcontainer.com/web/products.nsf/pages/celebrating50timeline.html|publisher=Dart Container Corporation|accessdate=23 December 2012}}</ref>

Taun [[1988]], AS mimiti ngabatesan ieu pamakeanpamakéan busa polystyrene keur dipakedipaké umum di [[Berkeley]], [[California]]. <ref name="berkeley-1988">{{cite news|title=Berkeley Widens Ban on Foam Food Containers|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1988-06-16/news/mn-6881_1_foam-food-containers|accessdate=23 December 2012|newspaper=The Los Angeles Times|date=16 June 1988}}</ref>

Dumasar kana sipat pisik jeung paninggalian, ieu bahan polistirene dibedakeun kana opat golongan diantaranadi antarana wae:

Polystyrene/polistirene kalolobaanalolobanaa dipaké dina mesin citakan /[[injection molding]], sistem sedot [[vacuum forming]], atawa di [[extruded]], expandedPolystyrene/polistirene dijieun makemaké citakan husus . Polystyrene/polistirene kopolimer ogeogé bisa dijieun; didieudi dieu bahan ieu ngandung hiji ata leuwih monomers dicampurkeun kana [[stirene]]. <ref>{{cite journal|author=Doroudiani S, Kortschot MT|year=2004|title=Expanded Wood Fiber Polystyrene Composites: Processing-Structure-Mechanical Properties Relationships|journal=Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials|volume=17|pages=13–30|doi=10.1177/0892705704035405}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1002/polb.10129|title=Sorption and diffusion of carbon dioxide in wood-fiber/polystyrene composites|year=2002|last1=Doroudiani|first1=Saeed|last2=Chaffey|first2=Charles E.|last3=Kortschot|first3=Mark T.|journal=Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics|volume=40|page=723|issue=8}}</ref> and starch<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1177/0021955X07076532|title=Foaming of Polystyrene/ Thermoplastic Starch Blends|year=2007|last1=Mihai|first1=M.|last2=Huneault|first2=M. A.|last3=Favis|first3=B. D.|journal=Journal of Cellular Plastics|volume=43|page=215|issue=3}}</ref>

*[[Poliétilén terephtalate]] (Katelah disebut PET biasana dipakedipaké [[botol]], ogé [[polyester]] dipakedipaké bahan [[baju]]

*[[Polistiréna]]

==Tutumbu kaluar==

*[[http://www.plasticseurope.org/what-is-plastic/types-of-plastics-11148/expanded-polystyrene.aspx Platicseurope]]

*[[http://plastics.ulprospector.com/generics/43/polystyrene-ps ulpospector]]

* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uJ6-jRo1izY Spannungsrisskorrosion von PMMA und PS] Youtube VideoVidéo: Crazes bei PS