Karbon dioksida

Karbon dioksida (rumus kimia: CO₂) nyaéta sanyawa kimia nu diwangun ku dua atom oksigén nu kabeungkeut kovalén ku hiji atom karbon. Dina kaayaan baku, ieu sanyawaan aya dina wujud gas. Di atmosfir, kadarna kira-kira 383 ppm dumasar eusi^[1]. Karbon dioksida téh kaasup salah sahiji gas rumah kaca, ku sabab nembuskeun cahya katempo tapi nyerep infrabeureum.

Karbon dioksida dihasilkeun ku sato, tutuwuhan, fungi, jeung mikroorganismeu dina prosés réspirasi sarta dipaké ku tutuwuhan dina fotosintésis pikeun ngahasilkeun gula. Ku kituna, ieu sanyawa téh kaasup komponén utama daur karbon. Lian ti prosés kimia séjénna, karbon dioksida ogé dihasilkeun tina durukan suluh fosil atawa matéri tutuwuhan. Karbon dioksida anorganik dikaluarkeun ku gunung berapi jeung prosés géotermal sarupaning cipanas.

Karbon dioksida teu boga wujud cair dina tekanan handapeun 5,1 atm, tapi padet dina suhu kurang ti -78 °C. Dina bentuk padetna, karbon dioksida ilahar disebut dry ice (és garing).

CO₂ téh oksida asam: leyuranana ngarobah kertas litmus tina bulao jadi kayas.

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Karbon dioksida cair ukur bisa kabentuk dina kaayaan tekanan leuwih ti 5,1 atm; titik tripel karbon dioksida kira 518 kPa dina suhu -56,6 °C (tempo diagram), sedengkeun titik kritisna 7,38 MPa dina suhu 31,1 °C^[2].

Bentuk padet karbon dioksida lianna bisa kabentuk dina kaayaan husus, bentukna amorf kawas kaca^[3], disebut karbonia amorf (CO₂ nu geus dipanaskeun ditiiskeun dina tekanan 40–48 GPa atawa kira 400.000 atm. Papanggihan ieu kabuktian ku téori yén karbon dioksida bisa aya dina bentuk gelas sarupa jeung famili unsurna, sarupaning silikon (gelas silika) jeung germanium, ngan karbonia mah teu stabil dina kaayaan biasa.

Mangpaat

Pelendung karbon dioksida dina inuman.

Karbon dioksida dipaké di industri pangan, industri oli, jeung industri kimia. Industri milih ieu gas ku sabab murah jeung teu kaduruk.

Baca ogé

Rujukan

↑ Whorf, T.P., Keeling, CD (2005). "Atmospheric CO₂ records from sites in the SIO air sampling network.". Trends: A Compendium of Data on Global Change. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tenn., U.S.A.. http://cdiac.ornl.gov/trends/co2/sio-mlo.htm. Periodeu rékam: 1958-2004
↑ "Phase change data for Carbon dioxide". National Institute of Standards and Technology. Diakses tanggal 2008-01-21.
↑ Santoro, M.; et al (2006). "Amorphous silica-like carbon dioxide". Nature 441 (7095): 857-860. doi:10.1038/nature04879. ISSN 0028-0836.

Tumbu kaluar

CID 280 ti PubChem
CO₂ Carbon Dioxide Properties, Uses, Applications
Pressure-Temperature phase diagram for carbon dioxide Archived 2008-02-16 di Wayback Machine
Molview from bluerhinos.co.uk Archived 2008-02-16 di Wayback Machine Tempo Karbon dioksida wangun 3D
Dry Ice information
Trends in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide (NOAA)
Phase Diagram of Carbon Dioxide Archived 2008-02-22 di Wayback Machine
Experiment 071 -- Triple Point Phase Transition for Carbon Dioxide Archived 2008-02-05 di Wayback Machine
CO₂ as a natural refrigerant - FAQs Archived 2007-10-06 di Wayback Machine
Methods to reduce carbon dioxide emmisions from power plants

[1] Whorf, T.P., Keeling, CD (2005). "Atmospheric CO₂ records from sites in the SIO air sampling network.". Trends: A Compendium of Data on Global Change. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tenn., U.S.A.. http://cdiac.ornl.gov/trends/co2/sio-mlo.htm. Periodeu rékam: 1958-2004

[2] "Phase change data for Carbon dioxide". National Institute of Standards and Technology. Diakses tanggal 2008-01-21.

[3] Santoro, M.; et al (2006). "Amorphous silica-like carbon dioxide". Nature 441 (7095): 857-860. doi:10.1038/nature04879. ISSN 0028-0836.

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