Marcapada: Béda antarrépisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Uchup19 (obrolan | kontribusi) mTidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
m Ngarapihkeun éjahan, replaced: oge → ogé , ngarupakeun → mangrupa (2), ea → éa |
||
Baris ka-11:
|-
!align="left" | [[Radius]] [[kutub]]
| 6,356.78
|-
!align="left" | Rarata [[Radius bumi|radius]]
| 6,371.3
|-
! align="left" | [[Kuriling]] ékuatorial
| 40,075
|-
! align="left" | [[Volume]]
| 1.0832×10<sup>12</sup> km
|-
! align="left" | [[Masa]]
Baris ka-29:
|-
! align="left" | [[Lega]] pabeungeutan
| 510,065,700
|-
! align="left" | [[Gravitasi]] pabeungeutan ékuatorial
Baris ka-48:
|-
! min
!
! max
|- align ="center"
Baris ka-62:
|-
! align="left" | Jarak rarata ti Panonpoé
| 149,597,890
|-
! align="left" | [[Perihelion]] (pangdeukeutna)
| 147,100,000
|-
! align="left" | [[Aphelion]] (pangjauhna)
| 152,100,000
|-
! align="left" | [[Taun sidereal|Période orbit sidereal]]
Baris ka-74:
|-
! align="left" | [[Kagancangan orbit rata-rata|Kagancangan orbit rarata]]
| 29,785.9
|-
! align="left" | [[Ésentrisitas|Ésentrisitas orbit]]
Baris ka-83:
|-
! align="left" | Kuriling orbit
| 924,375,700
|-
! align="left" | [[Satelit alami|Satelit]]
| 1 ([[Bulan]]), tempo
|-
! align="left" | [[Satelit alami|Satelitna]]
Baris ka-104:
|}
'''Marcapada''', ogé disebut '''Bumi''', (Ing. ''earth'', atawa ''Terra''),
<!--
== Ciri fisik ==
Baris ka-111:
=== Struktur ===
The interior of Earth, like that of the other [[terrestrial planets]], is chemically divided into an outer [[silicon|siliceous]] solid crust, a highly viscous [[earth's mantle|mantle]], a liquid outer core that is much less viscous than the mantle, and a solid inner core. The liquid outer core gives rise to a weak [[magnetosphere|magnetic field]] due to the convection of its electrically conductive material.
New material constantly finds its way to the surface through volcanoes and cracks in the ocean floors (see [[seafloor spreading]]). Much of Earth's surface is less than 100 million years old; the very oldest parts of the crust are as much as 4.4 billion years old [http://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0101/14earthwater/].
Baris ka-127:
===Interior ===
The interior of Earth reaches temperatures of 5270 [[Kelvin|K]]. The planet's internal heat was originally released during its accretion (see [[gravitational binding energy]]), and since then additional heat has continued to be generated by the decay of [[radioactive]] elements such as [[uranium]], [[thorium]], and [[potassium]]. The heat flow from the interior to the surface is only 1/20,000 as great as the energy received from the Sun.
*0-60 km - [[Lithosphere]]
Baris ka-138:
===The core===
The average density of Earth is 5,515 [[kilogram|kg]]/[[metre|m<sup>3</sup>]], making it the densest planet in the Solar system. Since the average density of surface material is only around 3000 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, we must conclude that denser materials exist within the core of the Earth. In its earliest stages, about 4.5 billion years ago, the Earth was mostly molten, and as a result gravity would have caused denser substances to sink towards the center in a process called [[planetary differentiation]], while less dense materials would have migrated to the crust. As a result, the core is largely composed of iron (80%), along with [[nickel]] and [[silicon]]; while other dense elements, such as lead and uranium, are either too rare to be significant or tend to bind to lighter elements and thus remain in the crust (see: [[felsic|felsic materials]]).
The core is divided into two parts, a solid inner core with a [[radius]] of ~1250 km and a liquid outer core extending beyond it to a radius of ~3500 km. The inner core is generally believed to be solid and composed primarily of iron and some nickel. Some have argued that the inner core may be in the form of a single iron [[crystal]]. The outer core surrounds the inner core and is believed to be composed of liquid iron mixed with liquid nickel and trace amounts of lighter elements. It is generally believed that convection in the outer core, combined with stirring caused by the Earth's rotation (see: [[Coriolis force]]s), gives rise to the [[Earth's magnetic field]] through a process known as the [[dynamo theory]]. The solid inner core is too hot to hold a permanent magnetic field (see: [[Curie temperature]]) but probably acts to stabilise the magnetic field generated by the liquid outer core.
Baris ka-169:
[[Image:Full earth.jpg|thumb|right|197px|"Marcapada" hasil [[Clementine mission|Clementine]]. Langit teu biasana béngras luhureun [[Afrika]] jeung sagara sabudeureunana]]
Earth is the only planet in our [[solar system]] whose surface has liquid [[cai|water]]. Water covers 71% of Earth's surface (97% of it being sea water and 3% fresh water [http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Library/Water/]) and divides it into five [[ocean]]s and seven [[continent]]s. Earth's [[orbit|solar orbit]], [[vulcanism]], [[gravity]], [[greenhouse effect]], [[magnetic field]] and oxygen-rich atmosphere seem to combine to make Earth a water planet.
Earth is actually beyond the outer edge of the orbits which would be warm enough to form liquid water. Without some form of a [[greenhouse effect]], Earth's water would freeze. Paleontological evidence indicates that at one point after blue-green bacteria (Archaea) had colonized the oceans, the greenhouse effect failed, and Earth froze solid for 10 to 100 million years in what is called a [[snowball Earth]] event.
Baris ka-175:
On other planets, such as [[Venus (planet)|Venus]], gaseous water is cracked by solar [[ultraviolet]], and the [[hydrogen]] is [[ion]]ized and blown away by the [[solar wind]]. This effect is slow, but inexorable. It is believed that this is the reason why Venus has no water. Without hydrogen, the oxygen interacts with the surface and is bound up in solid [[mineral]]s.
On Earth, a shield of [[ozone]] absorbs most of this energetic ultraviolet high in the atmosphere, reducing the [[cracking effect]]. The [[magnetosphere]] also shields the [[ionosphere]] from direct scouring by the solar wind.
Finally, [[volcano|vulcanism]], aided by the Moon's tidal effects, continuously emits water [[vapor]] from the interior. Earth's [[plate tectonics]] recycle [[carbon]] and water as limestone fields are subducted into [[magma]] and volcanically emitted as gaseous carbon dioxide and steam. It is estimated that the minerals in the mantle may contain as much as 10 times the water as in all of the current oceans, though most of this trapped water will never be released.
Baris ka-210:
The Moon's gravity causes the [[tides]] on Earth. The same effect has led to its [[tidal locking]]: its rotation period is the same as the time it takes to orbit the Earth. As a result it always presents the same face to the planet.
As the Moon orbits Earth, different parts of its face are illuminated by the Sun, leading to the [[lunar phase|lunar phases]]: the dark part of the face is separated from the light part by the [[solar terminator line]].
The Moon may enable life by moderating the weather. [[Paleontology|Paleontological]] evidence and computer simulations show that Earth's [[axial tilt]] is stabilised by tidal interactions with the Moon. Without this stabilization, the rotational axis might be chaotically unstable, as it is with a sphere, and appears to be with Mars. If Earth's axis of rotation were to approach the [[ecliptic|plane of the ecliptic]], extremely severe [[weather]] could result as one pole was continually heated and the other cooled. [[Planetology|Planetologists]] who have studied the effect claim that this might kill all large animal and higher plant life. This remains a controversial subject, however, and further studies of Mars - which shares Earth's [[sidereal day|rotation period]] and [[axial tilt]], but not its large moon or liquid core - may provide additional information.
Baris ka-285:
'''Irrigated land:'''
2,481,250 km<sup>2</sup> ([[1993]] est.)
== Natural hazards ==
Baris 341 ⟶ 340:
'''[[Life expectancy]] at birth:'''
*''total population:'' 64 years
*''male:'' 62 years
*''female:'' 65 years ([[2000]] est.)
Baris 383 ⟶ 381:
[[Kategori:Planét]]
[[new:बँग्वारा]]
| |||