Kuray

Kuray
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Karajaan:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Ordo:	Rosales
Kulawarga:	Cannabaceae
Génus:	Trema
Spésiés:	T. orientalis
Ngaran binomial
	Trema orientalis; (L.) Blume
Sinonim
	Celtis discolor Brongn.; C. guineensis Schum. & Thonn.; C. madagascariensis Bojer; C. orientalis L. (basionym); C. rigida Blume; Sponia andaresa Comm. ex Lam.; S. argentea Planch.; S. commersonii Decne. ex Planch.; S. glomerata Hochst.; S. orientalis (L.) Decne.; S. wightii Planch.; Trema affinis (Planch.) Blume; T. africana Blume; T. commersonii (Decne. ex Planch.) Blume; T. grevei Baill.; T. grisea Baker; T. guineensis (Schum. & Thonn.) Ficalho; T. hochstetteri Engl.; T. nitens Blume; T. polygama Z.M.Wu & J.Y.Lin; T. velutina (Planch.) Blume; T. wightii Blume;

Kuray (Trema orientalis) nyaéta hiji spésiés tutuwuhan kembangan ti kulawarga Cannabis, Cannabaceae.^[5] ^[6] Ieu flora geus sumebar ampir ka sakuliah dunya: Afrika Kidul, Wétan Tengah, subbuana India, Cina, Asia Tenggara, nepi ka Australia.^[7]

Mangpaat

Kaina kawilang hipu jeung gampang kaduruk lamun garing, cocog keur bahan keretas jeung pulp,^[8]^[9] ngahasilkeun keretas anu liat jeung kuat ditilep.^[8] Kulit kaina bisa dijieun tali atawa tambang.^[10]^[11] Di India jeung Tanzania, kaina dipaké nyieun areng, tangkalna dipaké nyieun saung di sawah.^[12]^[10]^[12]

Ékologi

Ieu tangkal mibanda pangaruh anu kuat dina ngajaga ékologis sahenteuna aya kana 14 spésiés kukupu ngamangpaatkeun ieu tangkal pikeun nunda larvana.^[10] Sababaraha spésiés manuk ngakan buah kuray sarta gegetemet anu loba hirup dina tangkal kuray.^[13] Japati remen katempo nyayang ogé tur ngakan buah kuray^[10]. Di Pilipina daun ngorana dimangpaatkeun pikeun parab ingon - ingon utamana sapi, munding jeung embé.^[8]^[14]

Tangkal ieu kasebut gancang ngagedéan gampang hirup, remen katempo hirup dina taneuh ruksak atawa henteu subur.^[13] Bisa disebutkeun tangkal kuray salahsahiji spésiés anu bisa dimangpaatekun pikeun tangkal perintis regenerasi kawasan leuweung urut kagiatan tambang bumi.^[13] ^[14]

Galeri

Kembang jeung daun
Buah jeung kulit kai
Buah héjo jeung hideung

Rujukan

↑ Under its treatment of Trema orientalis (from its basionym of Celtis orientalis), this plant name was first published in Museum Botanicum 2: 62. 1852. "Name - Trema orientalis (L.) Blume". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Diakses tanggal November 2, 2011.
↑ "Name - !Trema orientalis (L.) Blume synonyms". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Diakses tanggal November 2, 2011.
↑ The basionym of T. orientalis, Celtis orientalis was originally described and published in Species Plantarum 2: 1044. 1753. "Name - Celtis orientalis L.". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Diakses tanggal November 2, 2011. Type-Protologue: Locality: Habitat in Indiis: Distribution: Sri Lanka
↑ GRIN (May 29, 2007). "Trema orientalis information from NPGS/GRIN". Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Diakses tanggal November 2, 2011. Comment: although treated [at GRIN] as feminine, in accordance with botanical tradition (Vienna ICBN Art. 62.1), the genus is of neuter gender according to NCU-3
↑ Heyne, K. (1913). De nuttige planten van Nederlandsch-Indië, tevens synthetische catalogus der verzamelingen van het Museum voor Technische- en Handelsbotanie te Buitenzorg. Museum voor Economische Botanie (Bogor, Indonesia): Batavia, Ruygrok. p. 3. Disungsi5 Juli 2023
↑ Priyadi, H., Takao, G., Rahmawati, I., Supriyanto, B., Nursal, W. I., Rahman, I. (2010). Five hundred plant species in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, West Java: a checklist including Sundanese names, distribution and use. CIFOR, Bogor, Indonésia. ISBN 978-602-8693-22-6 [1]
↑ Damayanti, Dewi; Agung Sugiarto, Tinton Dwi Putra, Novi Widianti, Nina Wulan Dari (2008). Buku Pintar Tanaman Obat: 431 jenis tanaman penggempur aneka penyakit. Jakarta: AgroMedia. p. 103. ISBN 9789790061941.
↑ ^a ^b ^c Orwa, C; A Mutua; Kindt R; Jamnadass R; S Anthony (2009). "Trema orientalis". Agroforestree Database:a tree reference and selection guide, version 4.0. World Agroforestry Centre. Diakses tanggal 2010-03-09. Archived 2011-09-27 di Wayback Machine
↑ Jahan, M.S. et al. (2007). Evaluation of cooking processes for Trema orientalis pulping Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research, Vol. 66 (2007) 853
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Malan, Christien; Notten, Alice (April 2005). "Trema orientalis". South African National Biodiversity Institute. Diakses tanggal 2 March 2010. Archived 29 Nopémber 2014 di Wayback Machine
↑ FAO Forestry Department (1986). Some Medicinal Forest Plants Of Africa And Latin America Forestry - Paper 67 (PDF). pp. 223–227. Diakses tanggal 2010-03-02.
↑ ^a ^b Karl Hasskarl, Justus (1845). Aanteekeningen over het nut, door de bewoners van Java aan eenige planten van dat eiland toegeschreven. Universitas Oxford: J. Müller. p. 88. Disungsi 14 April 2021
↑ ^a ^b ^c Mangopang, Albert Donatus (2016/08). "Morfologi Trema Orientalis (L.) Blume dan Manfaatnya sebagai Tanaman Pionir Restorasi Tambang Nikel" (dalam bahasa id). Seminar Nasional from Basic Science to Comprehensive Education 2016 (Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar). ISBN 978-602-72245-1-3. https://www.neliti.com/publications/176372/morfologi-trema-orientalis-l-blume-dan-manfaatnya-sebagai-tanaman-pionir-restora.
↑ ^a ^b Eckman, Karlyn; Hines, Deborah A. (1993). "Trema orientalis". Indigenous multipurpose trees of Tanzania: uses and economic benefits for people. FAO Forestry Department. Diakses tanggal 2010-03-02. Archived 2010-06-16 di Wayback Machine

Bacaeun

Pooley, E. (1993). The Complete Field Guide to Trees of Natal, Zululand and Transkei. ISBN 0-620-17697-0.

Tutumbu kaluar

Wikimedia Commons mibanda média séjénna nu patali jeung Trema orientalis .

Information on T. orientalis Archived 2014-11-29 di Wayback Machine
Photos in Hawaii^{[tumbu nonaktif]}

Artikel ngeunaan Trema ieu mangrupa taratas, perlu disampurnakeun. Upami sadérék uninga langkung paos perkawis ieu, dihaturan kanggo ngalengkepan.

[trop1-1] Under its treatment of Trema orientalis (from its basionym of Celtis orientalis), this plant name was first published in Museum Botanicum 2: 62. 1852. "Name - Trema orientalis (L.) Blume". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Diakses tanggal November 2, 2011.

[trop2-2] "Name - !Trema orientalis (L.) Blume synonyms". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Diakses tanggal November 2, 2011.

[trop3-3] The basionym of T. orientalis, Celtis orientalis was originally described and published in Species Plantarum 2: 1044. 1753. "Name - Celtis orientalis L.". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Diakses tanggal November 2, 2011. Type-Protologue: Locality: Habitat in Indiis: Distribution: Sri Lanka

[grin-4] GRIN (May 29, 2007). "Trema orientalis information from NPGS/GRIN". Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Diakses tanggal November 2, 2011. Comment: although treated [at GRIN] as feminine, in accordance with botanical tradition (Vienna ICBN Art. 62.1), the genus is of neuter gender according to NCU-3

[”De-5] Heyne, K. (1913). De nuttige planten van Nederlandsch-Indië, tevens synthetische catalogus der verzamelingen van het Museum voor Technische- en Handelsbotanie te Buitenzorg. Museum voor Economische Botanie (Bogor, Indonesia): Batavia, Ruygrok. p. 3. Disungsi5 Juli 2023

[6] Priyadi, H., Takao, G., Rahmawati, I., Supriyanto, B., Nursal, W. I., Rahman, I. (2010). Five hundred plant species in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, West Java: a checklist including Sundanese names, distribution and use. CIFOR, Bogor, Indonésia. ISBN 978-602-8693-22-6 [1]

[Ubar1-7] Damayanti, Dewi; Agung Sugiarto, Tinton Dwi Putra, Novi Widianti, Nina Wulan Dari (2008). Buku Pintar Tanaman Obat: 431 jenis tanaman penggempur aneka penyakit. Jakarta: AgroMedia. p. 103. ISBN 9789790061941.

[worldagroforestry-8] Orwa, C; A Mutua; Kindt R; Jamnadass R; S Anthony (2009). "Trema orientalis". Agroforestree Database:a tree reference and selection guide, version 4.0. World Agroforestry Centre. Diakses tanggal 2010-03-09. Archived 2011-09-27 di Wayback Machine

[9] Jahan, M.S. et al. (2007). Evaluation of cooking processes for Trema orientalis pulping Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research, Vol. 66 (2007) 853

[SANBI-10] Malan, Christien; Notten, Alice (April 2005). "Trema orientalis". South African National Biodiversity Institute. Diakses tanggal 2 March 2010. Archived 29 Nopémber 2014 di Wayback Machine

[FAO-34648-11] FAO Forestry Department (1986). Some Medicinal Forest Plants Of Africa And Latin America Forestry - Paper 67 (PDF). pp. 223–227. Diakses tanggal 2010-03-02.

[”Aan”-12] Karl Hasskarl, Justus (1845). Aanteekeningen over het nut, door de bewoners van Java aan eenige planten van dat eiland toegeschreven. Universitas Oxford: J. Müller. p. 88. Disungsi 14 April 2021

[:0-13] Mangopang, Albert Donatus (2016/08). "Morfologi Trema Orientalis (L.) Blume dan Manfaatnya sebagai Tanaman Pionir Restorasi Tambang Nikel" (dalam bahasa id). Seminar Nasional from Basic Science to Comprehensive Education 2016 (Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar). ISBN 978-602-72245-1-3. https://www.neliti.com/publications/176372/morfologi-trema-orientalis-l-blume-dan-manfaatnya-sebagai-tanaman-pionir-restora.

[FAO-X5327e-14] Eckman, Karlyn; Hines, Deborah A. (1993). "Trema orientalis". Indigenous multipurpose trees of Tanzania: uses and economic benefits for people. FAO Forestry Department. Diakses tanggal 2010-03-02. Archived 2010-06-16 di Wayback Machine

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