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Angola

Pikeun kagunaan lian, tempo Angola (disambiguasi)

Angola, resmina Républik Angola (Basa Portugis: República de Angola, dilapalkeun: [ʁɨˈpublikɐ dɨ ɐ̃ˈɡɔla];[5] Kikongo, Kimbundu, Umbundu: Repubilika ya Ngola), mangrupa hiji nagara di Afrika kidul-tengah, diwatesan ku Namibia di kidul, Républik Démokratik Kongo di kalér, jeung Zambia di wétan; basisir kidulna tepung wates jeung Samudra Atlantik. Ibu kotana nyaéta Luanda. Propinsi éksklave Kabinda tepung wates jueng Républik Kongo jeung Républik Démokratik Kongo.

República de Angola
Repubilika ya Ngola
Républik Angola
Bandéra Angola Insignia Angola
Lagu
Angola Avante!  (basa Portugis)
Maju Angola!
Location of Angola
Location of Angola
Ibu kota
(jeung kota panggedéna) 		Luanda
8°50′S 13°20′E
Basa resmi basa Portugis
Grup étnis  Ovimbundu, Ambundu, Bakongo, Lunda-Chokwe, Nyaneka-Nkhumbi, Ovambo, Ganguela, Xindonga, Herero, Khoisa
Démonim Angolan
Pamaréntah Républik kahijian présidénsial
 -  Présidén João Lourenço
 -  Wakil Présidén Bornito de Sousa
Kamerdikaan
 -  ti Portugal 11 Nopémber 1975 
Aréa
 -  Total 1246700 km² (ka-23)
481354 mil² 
 -  Cai (%) tiasa teu dipadulikeun
Populasi
 -  Perkiraan  2009 18.498.000[1][2] 
 -  Kapadetan 14,8 /km² (ka-199)
38,4 /mil²
GDP (PPP) Perkiraan 2010
 -  Total $109,533 milyar[3] 
 -  Per kapita $5.748[3] 
GDP (nominal) Perkiraan 2010
 -  Total $82,471 milyar[3] 
 -  Per kapita $4.328[3] 
Gini? (2000) 59[4] (luhur) 
HDI (2010) 0,403 (handap) (ka-146)
Mata uang Kwanza (AOA)
Zona wanci WAT (UTC+1)
 -  Usum panas (DST) teu kaobsérvasi (UTC+1)
TLD Internét .ao
Kode telepon ++244

Babagian administratif

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Artikel utama: Propinsi di Angola, Kotamadya di Angola, Komune di Angola

Angola dibagi kana dalapan welas propinsi (províncias) jeung 163 kotamadya.[6] Propinsi-propinsina nyaéta:

 
Peta Angola kalawan propinsi-propinsina nu dinomoran
  1. Bengo
  2. Benguela
  3. Bié
  4. Kabinda
  5. Cuando Cubango
  6. Cuanza Norte
  7. Cuanza Sul
  8. Cunene
  9. Huambo
  1. Huila
  2. Luanda
  3. Lunda Norte
  4. Lunda Sul
  5. Malanje
  6. Moxico
  7. Namibe
  8. Uíge
  9. Zaire

Éksklave Kabinda

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Kalawan aréa kira-kira 7.283 km2, Propinsi Kabinda kapisah ti bagian nagara lainnya kalawan hiji daérah nu lébarna kira-kira 60 km, piboga Républik Démokratik Kongo (RDK) sapanjang Walungan Kongo handap. Kabinda tepung wates jeung Républik Kongo di kalér jeung kalér-wétan sarta RDK di kalér jeung kidul.

Galeri

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  •  
    Garéja di Tombua, Propinsi Namibe, Januari 2010
  •  
    Pahatan ngagambarkeun hiji figur awéwé. Urang Chokwe, Angola, awal abad ka-20. Kai, paku kuningan, manik-manik kaca, serat tutuwuhan, patina minyak.
  •  
    "Batu Hideung" ti Pungo Adongo di Angola
  •  
    Hiji panénjoan kana Luanda
  •  
    Curug Kalendula ti Walungan Lucala di Malange, 2009

Tempo ogé

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Réferénsi

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  1. ↑ Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division (2009) (PDF). World Population Prospects, Table A.1. 2008 revision. United Nations. http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2008/wpp2008_text_tables.pdf. Diakses pada 2009-03-12.  Archived 2016-01-15 di Wayback Machine
  2. ↑ Population Forecast to 2060 by International Futures hosted by Google Public Data Explorer Archived 2018-12-24 di Wayback Machine
  3. ↑ a b c d "Angola". International Monetary Fund. Diakses tanggal 2011-10-08.  Archived 2012-01-11 di Wayback Machine
  4. ↑ "Gini Index". World Bank. Diakses tanggal 2 March 2011.  Archived 9 Pébruari 2015 di Wayback Machine
  5. ↑ Ieu palapalan di Portugal; di Angola dilapalkeun sakumaha nu katulis
  6. ↑ "Virtual Angola Facts and Statistics". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal October 11, 2007. Diakses tanggal 2007-10-30.  Archived 2007-10-11 di Wayback Machine

Bacaan salajengna

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  • ANGOLA LIVRO BRANCO SOBRE AS ELEIÇÕES DE 2008. http://www.kas.de/proj/home/pub/8/2/year-2009/dokument_id-17396/index.html[tumbu nonaktif]
  • Le Billon, Philippe (2005). "Aid in the Midst of Plenty: Oil Wealth, Misery and Advocacy in Angola." Disasters 29(1): 1–25.
  • Birmingham, David (2006) Empire in Africa: Angola and its Neighbors, Athens/Ohio: Ohio University Press
  • Bösl, Anton (2008). Angola´s Parliamentary Elections in 2008. A Country on its Way to One-Party-Democracy, KAS Auslandsinformationen 10/2008. http://www.kas.de/wf/de/33.15186/
  • Cilliers, Jackie and Christian Dietrich, Eds. (2000). Angola's War Economy: The Role of Oil and Diamonds. Pretoria, South Africa, Institute for Security Studies.
  • Global Witness (1999). A Crude Awakening, The Role of Oil and Banking Industries in Angola's Civil War and the Plundering of State Assets. London, UK, Global Witness. http://www.globalwitness.org/media_library_detail.php/93/en/a_crude_awakening
  • Heimer, Franz-Wilhelm, The Decolonization Conflict in Angola, Geneva: Institut d'Études Internationales et du Développement, 1979
  • Hodges, Tony (2001). Angola from Afro-Stalinism to Petro-Diamond Capitalism. Oxford: James Currey.
  • Hodges, Tony (2004). Angola: The Anatomy of an Oil State. Oxford, UK and Indianapolis, US, The Fridtjol Nansen Institute & The International African Institute in association with James Currey and Indiana University Press.
  • Holness, Marga. Apartheid's War Against Angola http://www.scribd.com/doc/29244604/Apartheid-s-War-Against-Angola-Marga-Holness
  • Human Rights Watch (2004). Some Transparency, No Accountability: The Use of Oil Revenues in Angola and Its Impact on Human Rights. New York, Human Rights Watch. http://www.hrw.org/reports/2004/angola0104/
  • Human Rights Watch (2005). Coming Home, Return and Reintegration in Angola. New York, Human Rights Watch. http://hrw.org/reports/2005/angola0305/
  • James, Walter (1992). A political history of the civil war in Angola, 1964–1990. New Brunswick, Transaction Publishers.
  • Kapuściński, Ryszard. Another Day of Life, Penguin, 1975. ISBN 978-0-14-118678-8. A Polish journalist's account of Portuguese withdrawal from Angola and the beginning of the civil war. Ryszard Kapuściński
  • Kevlihan, R. (2003). "Sanctions and humanitarian concerns: Ireland and Angola, 2001-2." Irish Studies in International Affairs 14: 95–106.
  • Lari, A. (2004). Returning home to a normal life? The plight of displaced Angolans. Pretoria, South Africa, Institute for Security Studies. http://www.iss.co.za/pubs/papers/85/Paper85.pdf Archived 2012-03-05 di Wayback Machine
  • Lari, A. and R. Kevlihan (2004). "International Human Rights Protection in Situations of Conflict and Post-Conflict, A Case Study of Angola." African Security Review 13(4): 29–41. http://www.iss.co.za/pubs/ASR/13No4/FLari.pdf Archived 2012-03-05 di Wayback Machine
  • Le Billon, Philippe (2001). "Angola's Political Economy of War: The Role of Oil and Diamonds." African Affairs (100): 55–80.
  • MacQueen, Norrie An Ill Wind? Rethinking the Angolan Crisis and the Portuguese Revolution, 1974–1976, Itinerario: European Journal of Overseas History, 26/2, 2000, pp. 22–44
  • Médecins Sans Frontiéres (2002). Angola: Sacrifice of a People. Luanda, Angola, MSF. http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/publications/reports/2002/angola1_10-2002.pdf Archived 2013-07-23 di Wayback Machine
  • Mwakikagile, Godfrey Nyerere and Africa: End of an Era, Third Edition, Pretoria, South Africa, 2006, on Angola in Chapter 11, "American Involvement in Angola and Southern Africa: Nyerere's Response," pp. 324–346, ISBN 978-0-9802534-1-2.
  • Pinto Escoval (2004): "Staatszerfall im südlichen Afrika. Das Beispiel Angola". Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Berlin
  • Much of the material in these articles comes from the CIA World Factbook 2000 and the 2003 U.S. Department of State website.
  • Le Billon, P. (March 2006). Fuelling War: Natural Resources and Armed Conflicts. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-37970-0. 
  • Péarce, Justin (2004). "War, Peace and Diamonds in Angola: Popular perceptions of the diamond industry in the Lundas." .African Security Review 13 (2), pp 51–64. http://www.iss.co.za/pubs/ASR/13No2/AW.pdf Archived 2012-03-05 di Wayback Machine
  • Porto, João Gomes (2003). Cabinda: Notes on a soon to be forgotten war. Pretoria, South Africa, Institute for Security Studies. http://www.iss.co.za/pubs/papers/77/Paper77.html Archived 2010-08-21 di Wayback Machine
  • Tvedten, Inge (1997). Angola, Struggle for Péace and Reconstruction. Boulder, Colorado, Westview Press.
  • Vines, Alex (1999). Angola Unravels: The Rise and Fall of the Lusaka Péace Process. New York and London, UK, Human Rights Watch.

Tumbu kaluar

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