Aljazair
Koordinat: 29°34′24″N 2°22′23″E / 29.5734571°N 2.3730469°E
Aljazair (Basa Arab: الجزائر, al-Jazā'ir; Berber jeung basa Arab Aljazair: Dzayer or Ldzayer), resmina Républik Démokratik Rahayat Aljazair (Al Jumhuriyah al Jazairiyah ad Dimuqratiyah ash Shabiyah), mangrupa hiji nagara di wewengkon Magribi di Afrika kalér-kulon kalawan Aljir salaku ibu kotana.
| الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية (basa Arab) "al-Jumhūriyya al-Jazāʾiriyya ad-Dīmuqrāṭiyya asy-Syaʿbiyya" [note 1] Républik Démokratik Rahayat Aljazair |
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| Motto بالشّعب وللشّعب (basa Arab) "S weɣref i weɣref" (Berber) "Ku masarakat jeung pikeun masarakat"[1][2] |
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| Lagu "Kassaman" "Urang Jangji" |
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| Ibu kota (jeung kota panggedéna) | Aljir | |||||
| Basa resmi | basa Arab[3] | |||||
| Démonim | Algerian | |||||
| Pamaréntah | Républik semi-présidénsial | |||||
| - | Présidén | Abdelmadjid Tebboune (عبد المجيد تبون) | ||||
| - | Perdana Mentri | Aymen Benabderrahmane (أيمن بن عبد الرحمان) | ||||
| Sajarah | ||||||
| - | Karajaan Berber Numidia | ti 202 SM | ||||
| - | Républik Romawi | ti 46 SM | ||||
| - | Karajaan Vandal | ti 430 | ||||
| - | Dinasti Rustamid | ti 767 | ||||
| - | Dinasti Zirid | ti 973 | ||||
| - | Dinasti Hammadid | ti 1014 | ||||
| - | Dinasti Abdalwadid | ti 1235 | ||||
| - | Kakaisaran Usmaniyah | ti 1516 | ||||
| - | Kakawasaan Perancis | ti 1830 | ||||
| Aréa | ||||||
| - | Total | 2381741 km² (ka-10) 919595 mil² |
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| - | Cai (%) | tiasa teu dipadulikeun | ||||
| Populasi | ||||||
| - | Perkiraan 2010 | 36.423.000[4] | ||||
| - | Sénsus 1998 | 29.100.867 | ||||
| - | Kapadetan | 14,6 /km² (ka-204) 37,9 /mil² |
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| GDP (PPP) | Perkiraan 2010 | |||||
| - | Total | $251,705 milyar[5] | ||||
| - | Per kapita | $6.965[5] | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | Perkiraan 2010 | |||||
| - | Total | $157,759 milyar[5] | ||||
| - | Per kapita | $4.366[5] | ||||
| Gini? (1995) | 35,3[6] (sedeng) | |||||
| HDI (2011) |  0,698[7] (sedeng) (ka-96) |
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| Mata uang | Dinar Aljazair (DZD) |
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| Zona wanci | CET (UTC+01) | |||||
| TLD Internét | .dz, الجزائر. | |||||
| Kode telepon | +213 | |||||
| Basa Arab Standar Modérn mangrupa basa resmina.[8] Tamazight dipaké ku sapertilu populasi jeung geus diakuan salaku "basa nasional" ku améndemén konstitusi ti 8 Méi 2002.[9] basa Arab Aljazair (atawa Darja) mangrupa basa nu mayoritas dipaké ku populasi. Sanajan basa Perancis teu boga status resmi, Aljazair mangrupa nagara Francophone kadua di dunya dumasar panyaturna[10] jeung basa Perancis masih dipaké sacara luas di pamaréntahan, budaya, média (koran) jeung sistem atikan (ti sakola dasar), ku lantaran sajarah kolonial Aljazair jeung bisa ditémbong salaku basa sub-resmi de facto Aljazair. Basa Kabyle, basa Berber nu panglobana dipaké, diajarkeun jeung mangrupa sub-resmi sabagian (kalawan sababaraha larangan) di babagian Kabylia. |
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Aljazair mangrupa anggota Uni Afrika, Liga Arab, OPEC, jeung Pasarikatan Bangsa-Bangsa. Nagara ieu ogé mangrupa nagara pawangun Uni Arab Magribi.
Étimologi
éditNgaran nagara ieu (Aljazair/Algéria) diturunan ti kota Aljir (Algiers). Étimologi nu pangumumna ngubungkeun ngaran kota éta ka al-Jazā'ir (الجزائر, "Pulo-Pulo"), bentuk nu kapotong ti ngaran kota nu heubeul Jazā'ir Banī Mazghanna (جزائر بني مزغنة, "Pulo Séké Mazghanna"),[11][12] dipaké ku gégografer éra patengahan misalna al-Idrisi. Aya ogé pamikiran nu ngubungkeunnana ka Ldzayer, Basa Arab Magribi jeung Basa Berber pikeun "Aljazair" ("Algéria") meureunan kahubung jeung Dinasti Zirid Raja Ziri ibn-Manad jeung nu ngawangun kota Aljazair[13]
Propinsi jeung distrik
édit- Artikel utama: Propinsi di Aljazair, Distrik di Aljazair, Kotamadya di Aljazair
Aljazair dibagi kana 48 propinsi (wilaya), 553 distrik (daïra), jeung 1.541 kotamadya (baladiyah). Saban propinsi, distrik, jeung kotamadya dibéré ngaran dumsar kana ibu kotana, nu biasana kota panggedéna.
Majelis Propinsi Rahayat mangrupa éntitas pulitis nu maréntah hiji propinsi, nu miboga hiji "présidén", anu dipilih ku anggota majelis. Anggota dipilh dina hak pilih universal saban lima taun.
| # | Wilaya | Aréa (km²) | Populasi | peta | # | Wilaya | Aréa (km²) | Populasi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Adrar | 402.197 | 439.700 |  |
25 | Konstantin | 2.187 | 943.112 |
| 2 | Chlef | 4.975 | 1.013.718 | 26 | Médéa | 8.866 | 830.943 | |
| 3 | Laghouat | 25.057 | 477.328 | 27 | Mostaganem | 2.269 | 746.947 | |
| 4 | Oum El Bouaghi | 6.768 | 644.364 | 28 | M'Sila | 18.718 | 991.846 | |
| 5 | Batna | 12.192 | 1.128.030 | 29 | Mascara | 5.941 | 780.959 | |
| 6 | Béjaïa | 3.268 | 915.835 | 30 | Ouargla | 211.980 | 552.539 | |
| 7 | Biskra | 20.986 | 730.262 | 31 | Oran | 2.114 | 1.584.607 | |
| 8 | Béchar | 161.400 | 274.866 | 32 | El Bayadh | 78.870 | 262.187 | |
| 9 | Blida | 1.696 | 1.009.892 | 33 | Illizi | 285.000 | 54.490 | |
| 10 | Bouïra | 4.439 | 694.750 | 34 | Bordj Bou Arréridj | 4.115 | 634.396 | |
| 11 | Tamanrasset | 556.200 | 198.691 | 35 | Boumerdes | 1.591 | 795.019 | |
| 12 | Tébessa | 14.227 | 657.227 | 36 | El Taref | 3.339 | 411.783 | |
| 13 | Tlemcen | 9.061 | 945.525 | 37 | Tindouf | 58.193 | 159.000 | |
| 14 | Tiaret | 20.673 | 842.060 | 38 | Tissemsilt | 3.152 | 296.366 | |
| 15 | Tizi Ouzou | 3.568 | 1.119.646 | 39 | El Oued | 54.573 | 673.934 | |
| 16 | Algiers | 273 | 2.947.461 | 40 | Khenchela | 9.811 | 384.268 | |
| 17 | Djelfa | 66.415 | 1.223.223 | 41 | Souk Ahras | 4.541 | 440.299 | |
| 18 | Jijel | 2.577 | 634.412 | 42 | Tipaza | 2.166 | 617.661 | |
| 19 | Sétif | 6.504 | 1.496.150 | 43 | Mila | 9.375 | 768.419 | |
| 20 | Saïda | 6.764 | 328.685 | 44 | Ain Defla | 4.897 | 771.890 | |
| 21 | Skikda | 4.026 | 904.195 | 45 | Naâma | 29.950 | 209.470 | |
| 22 | Sidi Bel Abbés | 9.150 | 603.369 | 46 | Ain Timouchent | 2.376 | 384.565 | |
| 23 | Annaba | 1.439 | 640.050 | 47 | Ghardaia | 86.105 | 375.988 | |
| 24 | Guelma | 4.101 | 482.261 | 48 | Relizane | 4.870 | 733.060 |
Tempo ogé
éditCatetan
édit- ↑ Di Aljazair, Tamazight sacara konstitusionalna gues diakuan salaku hiji basa nasional. Pamaréntah Aljazair ngakuan yén rupa-rupa basa Berber di Aljazair mangrupa basa nasional jeung wewengkon nu kedah dimumulé. Ngaran resmi Aljazair dina basa Berber nyaéta:
- Basa Berber, Aksara Tifinagh: ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴳⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵖⴻⵔⴼⴻⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵜ
Réferénsi
édit- ↑ (28 Nopémber 1996). Konstitusi Aljazair Archived 2012-07-18 di Wayback Machine, Pasal 11 (dina basa Arab).Kantor Kaprésidénan Aljazair. Ditarima 15 Séptémber 2011.
- ↑ (28 Nopémber 1996). Konstitusi Aljazair Archived 2013-07-25 di Wayback Machine Pasal 11. Kantor Kaprésidénan Aljazair. Ditarima 15 Séptémber 2011.
- ↑ (28 Nopémber 1996). Konstitusi Aljazair Archived 2013-07-25 di Wayback Machine Pasal 3. Kantor Kaprésidénan Aljazair. Ditarima 21 Séptémber 2011.
- ↑ Staff (2010). Population and HIV/AIDS 2010 (PDF format; requires Adobe Reader). Population Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. ISBN 978-92-1-151474-2. Diakses tanggal 15 September 2011. Archived 14 Agustus 2011 di Wayback Machine
- ↑ a b c d Database (September 2011). "5. Report for Selected Countries and Subjects". [[World Economic Outlook|World Economic Outlook Database]]. International Monetary Fund. Diakses tanggal 8 October 2011. Wikilink embedded in URL title (bantuan) Archived 11 Januari 2012 di Wayback Machine
- ↑ Staff (undated). "Distribution of Family Income – Gini Index". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 23 July 2010. Diakses tanggal 1 September 2009. Archived 13 Méi 2009 di Wayback Machine
- ↑ "Human Development Report 2011. Human Development Index Trends" (PDF). United Nations. Diakses tanggal 2 November 2011. Archived 11 Nopémber 2011 di Wayback Machine
- ↑ Staff (10 April 2010). "Présentation de l'Algérie" Archived 2011-03-20 di Wayback Machine (["Presentation of Algeria"]) (dina basa Perancis). Kamentrian Hubungan Asing jeung Eropa Perancis. Ditarima 15 Séptémber 2011.
- ↑ "L'Algérie crée une académie de la langue amazigh" Archived 2011-02-16 di Wayback Machine (dina basa Perancis).
- ↑ "La mondialisation, une chance pour la francophonie" Archived 2013-05-13 di Wayback Machine (dina basa Perancis).
- ↑ al-Idrisi, Muhammad (12th century). Nuzhat al-Mushtaq.
- ↑ Abderahman, Abderrahman (1377). History of Ibn Khaldun - Volume 6.
- ↑ Ibn Khaldun, Abderahman. "Volume 6". History of Ibn Khaldun.
Bibliograpi
édit- Ageron, Charles-Robert (1991). Modern Algeria – A History from 1830 to the Present. Translated from French and edited by Michael Brett. London: Hurst. ISBN 978-0-86543-266-6.
- Aghrout, Ahmed; Bougherira, Redha M. (2004). Algeria in Transition – Reforms and Development Prospects. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-34848-5.
- Bennoune, Mahfoud (1988). The Making of Contemporary Algeria – Colonial Upheavals and Post-Independence Development, 1830–1987. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-30150-3.
- Fanon, Frantz (1966; 2005 paperback). The Wretched of the Earth. Grove Press. ASIN B0007FW4AW, ISBN 978-0-8021-4132-3.
- Horne, Alistair (1977). A Savage War of Peace: Algeria 1954–1962. Viking Adult. ISBN 978-0-670-61964-1, ISBN 978-1-59017-218-6 (2006 reprint)
- Laouisset, Djamel (2009). A Retrospective Study of the Algerian Iron and Steel Industry. New York City: Nova Publishers. ISBN 978-1-61761-190-2.
- Roberts, Hugh (2003). The Battlefield – Algeria, 1988–2002. Studies in a Broken Polity. London: Verso Books. ISBN 978-1-85984-684-1.
- Ruedy, John (1992). Modern Algeria – The Origins and Development of a Nation. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-34998-9.
- Stora, Benjamin (2001). Algeria, 1830–2000 – A Short History. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-3715-1.
- Sidaoui, Riadh (2009). "Islamic Politics and the Military – Algeria 1962–2008". Religion and Politics – Islam and Muslim Civilisation (via Google Books). Farnham: Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 0-7546-7418-5.
Tumbu kaluar
édit| Pék paluruh émbaran nu leuwih loba ngeunaan Aljazair ku jalan nyungsi proyék sabaraya Wikipédia | |
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Définisi kamus ti Wiktionary |
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Buku téks ti Wikibooks |
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Cutatan ti Wikiquote |
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Téks sumber ti Wikisource |
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Gambar jeung média ti Commons |
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Warta ti Wikinews |
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Sumber pangajaran ti Wikiversity |
- Loka pamaréntah resmi
- Éntri Algeria di CIA World Factbook
- Aljazair di Open Directory Project
Atlas Algeria Wikimedia, ngandung peta ngeunaan Algeria.
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Tempo ogé Aljazair di Wikivoyage
Citakan:Union for the Mediterranean
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Artikel ngeunaan géografi ti hiji nagara atawa wewengkon ieu mangrupa taratas, perlu disampurnakeun. Upami sadérék uninga langkung paos perkawis ieu, dihaturan kanggo ngalengkepan. |